Ebstein's anomaly is characterized by a downward displacement of the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle due to anomalous attachment of the tricuspid leaflets. An 8 -yr-old male meerkat (Suricata suricatta) was presented with sudden lethargy. Thoracic radiograph was consistent with congestive heart failure. An echocardiography revealed an Ebstein's anomaly. The animal was treated with imid...

Oncology nurses are responsible for the ongoing assessment of hypercalcemia, including reviewing laboratory findings as well as evaluating patient symptomatology. Abnormal serum creatinine, calcium, electrolytes, magnesium, and phosphate levels and symptoms such as constipation, lethargy, and weakness may alert clinicians to problems with this oncologic emergency. Resolution of hypercalcemia is...

A 6 year old boy presenting with a five month history of fever, lethargy, and anorexia, was found to have hepatitis B associated membranous glomerulonephropathy and nephrotic syndrome. After two months treatment with oral lamivudine, his proteinuria cleared and serum albumin and aminotransferases normalised, associated with disappearance of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and appearance of anti-H...

INTRODUCTION Torsion of the gallbladder in the pediatric population is rare. A nonspecific clinical presentation is characteristic, which frequently contributes to diagnostic uncertainty. CASE DESCRIPTION We report a case of gallbladder torsion in a 6-y-old male with abdominal distention and lethargy accompanied by a low-grade leukocytosis. An abdominal computed tomography scan suggested the ...

A three week old infant, born at term, weighing 3.15 kg, following an uncomplicated pregnancy (placental size not known), developed lethargy, rapid breathing and poor feeding. He was treated for septicaemia at the local hospital and was transferred to the Lady Ridgeway Children’s Hospital with haematuria and abdominal distension. He was the second child of non-consanguineous parents whose first...

The escape behavior of a cockroach may not occur when it is either in a quiescent state or after being stung by the jewel wasp (Ampulex compressa). In the present paper, we show that quiescence is an innate lethargic state during which the cockroach is less responsive to external stimuli. The neuronal mechanism of such a state is poorly understood. In contrast to quiescence, the venom-induced l...

In response to illness, animals subvert normal homeostasis and divert their energy utilization to fight infection. An important and unexplored feature of this response is the suppression of physical activity and foraging behavior in the setting of negative energy balance. Inflammatory signaling in the hypothalamus mediates the febrile and anorectic responses to disease, but the mechanism by whi...

The authors hypothesize that socially excluded individuals enter a defensive state of cognitive deconstruction that avoids meaningful thought, emotion, and self-awareness, and is characterized by lethargy and altered time flow. Social rejection led to an overestimation of time intervals, a focus on the present rather than the future, and a failure to delay gratification (Experiment 1). Rejected...

We conducted a double-blind randomized placebo controlled trial to evaluate the impact of Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) on the bleeding and systemic manifestations of menstruation. A total of 90 students were randomly assigned to treatment or placebo group. Bleeding and systemic manifestations were evaluated with a menstrual pictogram and multidimensional verbal scale before and during 2 ...