the present paper aims to examine the role of frequency lexicon in assessing lexical proficiency of persian learners. addressing the frequency distribution pattern of persian words, the research which is conducted in corpus-based method studies the relationship between words and lexical proficiency as well as derives the frequency lexicon from persian corpus. to do so, formal and colloquial per...

We review recent evidence illustrating the fundamental difference between cytoplasmic and test tube biochemical kinetics and thermodynamics, and showing the breakdown of the law of mass action and power-law approximation in in vivo conditions. Simulations of biochemical reactions in non-homogeneous media show that as a result of anomalous diffusion and mixing of the biochemical species, reactio...

Benford’s Law can be seen as one of the many first significant digit (FSD) distributions in a family of monotonically decreasing distributions. We examine the interrelationship between Benford and other monotonically decreasing distributions such as those arising from Stigler, Zipf, and the power laws. We examine the theoretical basis of the Stigler distribution and extend his reasoning by inco...

The Zipf distribution also known as scale-free distribution or discrete Pareto distribution, is the particular case of Power Law distribution with support the strictly positive integers. It is a one-parameter distribution with a linear behaviour in the log-log scale. In this paper the Zipfian distribution is generalized by means of the Marshall-Olkin transformation. The new model has more flexi...

A stochastic model based on insights of Mandelbrot (1953) and Simon (1955) is discussed against the background of new criteria of adequacy that have become available recently as a result of studies of the similarity relations between words as found in large computerized text corpora. FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTIONS Various models for word frequency distributions have been developed since Zipf (1935) ap...