Chromosome conformation capture (3C) and derivative experimental procedures are used to estimate the spatial proximity between different genomic elements, thus providing information about the 3D organization of genomic domains and whole genomes within the nucleus. All C-methods are based on the proximity ligation-the preferential ligation of joined DNA fragments obtained upon restriction enzyme...

Introduction New methods are facilitating the total chemical synthesis of proteins. In particular, the chemical ligation of synthetic peptides provides a convergent route to proteins. Currently, the most common ligation method is “native chemical ligation” [1]. In native chemical ligation, the thiolate of an N-terminal cysteine residue of one peptide attacks the C-terminal thioester of a second...

Abstract Background This study aimed to provide UK data describing the incidence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) surgery in neonatal population, including: pre-ligation management, and outcomes until discharge. We used British Paediatric Surveillance Unit (BPSU) methodology; collecting via questionnaires for preterm neonates undergoing PDA ligation (PDAL) between 1st Sept 2012 – 30th 2013. In...

the aim of the study was to study the anti-ulcer activity of the methanolic extract of the leaves of capparis zeylanica linn on experimental animal models. the methanol extract of capparis zeylanica linn. leaves was investigated for anti-ulcer activity against aspirin plus pylorus ligation induced gastric ulcer in rats. hcl-ethanol induced ulcer in mice and indomethacin induced ulcer in rats at...

BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain induced by spinal or peripheral nerve injury is very resistant to common pain killers, nerve block, and other pain management approaches. Recently, several studies using stem cells suggested a new way to control the neuropatic pain. In this study, we used the spinal nerve L5 ligation (SNL) model to investigate whether intrathecal rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) we...

In an attempt to determine whether "high ligation" of the inferior mesenteric artery during surgery for cancer of the rectum and rectosigmoid confers any significant 5-year survival advantage over "low ligation," the outcome of 1370 patients was reviewed. There were 784 patients in whom the inferior mesenteric artery was ligated below the origin of the left colic artery (low ligation) and 586 i...

Circular proteins, once thought to be rare, are now commonly found in plants. Their chemical synthesis, once thought to be difficult, is now readily achievable. The enabling methodology is largely due to the advances in entropic chemical ligation to overcome the entropy barrier in coupling the N- and C-terminal ends of large peptide segments for either intermolecular ligation or intramolecular ...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a breakthrough in therapy for many solid malignancies. ICIs suppress the inhibitory signaling of several immune cell subtypes by blocking ligation of...