Beginning with a brief review of CMOS scaling trends from 1 m to 0.1 m, this paper examines the fundamental factors that will ultimately limit CMOS scaling and considers the design issues near the limit of scaling. The fundamental limiting factors are electron thermal energy, tunneling leakage through gate oxide, and 2D electrostatic scale length. Both the standby power and the active power of ...

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Tertiary-amyl methyl ether (TAME) is a potential gasoline additive that can be advantageously synthesized using the reactive distillation (RD) technology. This work emphasizes on non-linear effects in dynamic simulations of reactive distillation column. For certain configurations, dynamic simulation with equilibrium stage (EQ) model leads to sustained oscillations (limit cycles) which have been...

This paper considers a limit cycle control problem of a multi-modal and 2-dimensional piecewise affine control system. Limit cycle control means a controller design method to generate a limit cycle for given piecewise affine control systems. First, we deal with a limit cycle synthesis problem and derive a new solution of the problem. In addition, theoretical analysis on the rotational direction...

We derive, and experimentally demonstrate, an interferometric scheme for unambiguous phase estimation with precision scaling at the Heisenberg limit, that does not require adaptive measurements. That is, with no prior knowledge of the phase, we can obtain an estimate of the phase with a standard deviation that is only a small constant factor larger than the minimum physically allowed value. Our...

Path entanglement is a key resource for quantum metrology. Using path-entangled states, the standard quantum limit can be beaten, and the Heisenberg limit can be achieved. However, the preparation and detection of such states scales unfavourably with the number of photons. Here we introduce sequential path entanglement, in which photons are distributed across distinct time bins with arbitrary s...

The paper defines an updated method for “soil – reinforced concrete foundation” calculation that takes into account their mutual interaction. In this method, both the foundation structure and footing are represented by a rigid-plastic model, which makes it possible to determine bearing capacity of system. This eliminates possibility destruction from punching exhaustion its capacity. It further ...