Women’s political representation has been for decades ahead of women’s rights movement. However, women presence in politics is not only limited to women political participation but their position in party politics as well. This paper aims to analyze the role of parties in empowering women at the UK parliament and tries to contribute towards the existing literature through presenting an interdis...

background in many parts of the world, ongoing deficiencies in health systems compromise the delivery of health interventions. the world health organization (who) identified four functions that health systems need to perform to achieve their goals: efforts to strengthen health systems focus on the way these functions are carried out. while a number of studies on health systems functions have be...

Estonia has one of the most established e-voting systems in the world. Internet voting remote e-voting using the voter’s own equipment was piloted in 2005 [12] (with the first real elections using e-voting being conducted the same year) and has been in use ever since. So far, the Estonian internet voting system has been used for the whole country in three sets of local elections, two European P...

The notion of band limited functions is introduced on a quantum graph. The main results of the paper are a uniqueness theorem and a reconstruction algorithm of such functions from discrete sets of values. It turns out that some of our band limited functions can have compact supports and their frequencies can be localized on the “time” side. It opens an opportunity to consider signals of a varia...

This paper explores the difference between parallel and serial queries to an NP-complete oracle, SAT, from the perspective of functions with a limited number of output bits. For polynomial-time bounded query language classes, which can be considered as functions with 1-bit output, previous work has shown that 2 serial queries to SAT is equivalent to 3 parallel queries to SAT. In contrast, for f...

economic valuation of water is useful in the administration and management of water. population growth and urbanization caused municipal water demand increase in iran. limited water resource supply and urban water network capacity raised complexity in water resources management. present condition suggests using economic value of water as a criterion for allocating policies and feasibility study...

It is shown for any constant c < 1, that if NPMV have re nements in the class of multivalued functions that are polynomial time computable with c(log n) access to NPSV, then the polynomial time hierarchy collapses to its second level.