The influence of KOH addition and air pretreatment on co-pyrolysis (600 °C) of a mixture of bio-oil and biomass (aspen wood) was investigated with the goal of increasing biochar yield. The bio-oil was produced as a byproduct of the pyrolysis of biomass and recycled in subsequent runs. Co-pyrolysis of the biomass with the recycled bio-oil resulted in a 16% mass increase in produced biochar. The ...

respect Respect for nature Abstract liking Expressing a positive but abstract attitude towards nature (e.g. "I enjoy nature" vs. the moreliking Expressing a positive but abstract attitude towards nature (e.g. "I enjoy nature" vs. the more concrete, "I enjoy walks in the woods") Abstract knowledge Expressing learning goals abstractly (e.g. "I want to learn about nature" vs. the more concrete, "I...

The major chemical changes during the processing of rubber occur with the breakdown in mastication and during vulcanization of the molded tire. There is little chemical change during the compounding, calendering, extrusion, and molding steps. Reclaiming is the process of converting scrap rubber into an unsaturated, processible product that can be vulcanized with sulfur. Pyrolysis of scrap rubbe...

The effect of basic magnesium carbonate (BMC), magnesium hydroxide (MH), and magnesium chloride hydrate (MCH) on thermal degradation of red gum wood was studied using cone calorimetry, Thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterization. The results showed common fire retardation actions of the three compounds by releasing incombus...

Introduction The production of scrap tires only in the EU, USA and Japan is around 6 million tones per year. As the associated automotive industries grow the huge quantity of waste tires presently produced in the world will certainly increase in the future [1]. Thus the disposal of scrap tires becomes a serious environmental problem. The production of activated carbons from solid wastes is one ...

The kraft pulps produced from heartwood and sapwood of Eucalyptus globulus at 130 oC, 150 oC, and 170 oC were characterized by wet chemistry (total lignin as sum of Klason and soluble lignin fractions) and pyrolysis (total lignin denoted as py-lignin). The total lignin content obtained with both methods was similar. In the course of delignification, the py-lignin values were higher (by 2 to 5%)...

Historically, the hardwood lumber natural resource industry has been portrayed as a relatively low-tech industry. Most hardwood sawmills do not adequately consider the potential benefits of information systems enabled applications and solutions to enhance overall yield and efficiency. However, as computer-based technology is implemented across the entire manufacturing process, advanced optimiza...

As tropospheric chemical models become ever more complex, reliable ratecoefficient data for gas-phase hydrogen abstraction reactions involving tracehydrocarbons becomes increasingly necessary. There are hundreds of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) of potential importance to troposphericchemistry, many of which have not been subjected to experimental inquiry. Thisstudy—the fi...