The concepts of negative gravitational mass and gravitational repulsion are alien to general relativity. Still, we show here that small negative fluctuations small dimples in the primordial density field that act as if they have an effective negative gravitational mass, play a dominant role in shaping our Universe. These initially tiny perturbations repel matter surrounding them, expand and gro...

We introduce the moonlighting game. Player A can take money from or pass money to player B, who can either return money or punish player A. Thus, our game allows to study both positively and negatively reciprocal behaviour. One-shot experiments were conducted with and without the possibility of making non-binding contracts beforehand. We find that retribution is much more compelling than recipr...

Situation: Reliable authorities predicted that the US standard of living would increase about 3% a year for the next 20 years, in effect doubling in a generation This would be taken as a very good sign by the general public A growth rate of 1% per year would cause great concern Question: Does the difference between the degree of elation and concern really matter? o Is it well-founded? o Should ...

The aim of this article is to present the narrative solutions in Polish novels for girlsthat deal with difficult topics (taboo topics). main area interest covers issue gender identity Natalia Osińska’s trilogy (Fanfik (2016), Slash (2017), Fluff (2019). construction a non-heteronormative character was discussed and compared popular novel heroes.

Software development usually involves a collection of properties, programs and data as input or output documents. Putting these three kinds of documents at the vertices of a triangle, one sees that all three sides of the triangle have been exploited in formal methods, and that they have often been used in both directions. However, richer combinations have seldom been envisaged, and formal metho...