The fact that Parsing and Generation share the same grammatical knowledge is often considered null hypothesis (Momma Phillips 2018) but very few algorithms can take advantage of a cognitively plausible incremental procedure operates roughly in way words are produced understood real time. This especially difficult if we consider cross-linguistic variation has clear impact on word order. In this ...

Agreement phenomena are instances of co-variation of linguistic forms which is typically realised as feature congruity, i.e. compatibility of values of identical grammatical categories of syntactically combined linguistic items. Agreement is a relatively well-researched topic, especially in Slavic linguistics (c.f., Corbett 2000a). However, the investigations have mainly concentrated on the lin...

In the literature, languages have been identified as having more or less transparent orthographies, depending on the degree of predictability of their spelling-to-sound correspondences. Quantitative measures based on large-scaled language corpora which are capable to objectively assess such cross-linguistic variation are rather scarce. The quantitative assessment method presented here builds on...

Given its abundance of dialects, varieties, styles, and registers, Arabic lends itself easily to the study of language variation and change. It is spoken by some 300 million people in an area spanning roughly from northwest Africa to the Persian Gulf. Traditional Arabic dialectology has dealt predominantly with geographical variation. However, in recent years, more nuanced studies of interand i...

We introduce a dialogue task between a virtual patient and a doctor where the dialogue system, playing the patient part in a simulated consultation, must reconcile a specialized level, to understand what the doctor says, and a lay level, to output realistic patient-language utterances. This increases the challenges in the analysis and generation phases of the dialogue. This paper proposes metho...

The goal of this chapter is to present some of the interesting and important aspects of cross-linguistic comparisons which can be made between the acquisition of Japanese and of English. We d o not attempt an exhaustive review of the literature (see, for example, Clancy, in press; Iwata, 1979; Murata , 1968, 1972; Sato, 1978 for reviews of the Japanese literature). We focus instead first on the...

This chapter will shift the focus of attention away from the problems of understanding linguistic change that have occupied the discussion so far in order to examine the opposite situation: stable linguistic variation. The first step in a considered study of linguistic change is not the examination of change, but rather an investigation of the sociolinguistic patterns in the particular speech c...