Calmodulin serves as a calcium-dependent regulator in many metabolic pathways and is known to bind with high affinity to various target proteins and peptides. One such target is the small peptide melittin, the principal component of honeybee venom. The calmodulin-melittin system was used as a model system to gain further insight into target recognition of calmodulin. Using chemical cross-linkin...

Drebrin is a filament-binding protein involved in organizing the dendritic pool of actin. Previous in vivo studies identified the actin-binding domain of drebrin (DrABD), which causes the same rearrangements in the cytoskeleton as the full-length protein. Site-directed mutagenesis, electron microscopic reconstruction, and chemical cross-linking combined with mass spectrometry analysis were empl...

It has been reported that decorin and its protein core can have molecular masses nearly double the size of those previously published, suggesting a dimeric structure. In this study we tested whether biologically active decorin and its glycoprotein core would form dimers in solution. We used homo- and hetero-bifunctional chemical cross-linking reagents, BS3 and sulfo-SMPB, respectively, as well ...

Interactions between the transmembrane domains of phospholamban (PLB) and the cardiac Ca2+ pump (SERCA2a) have been investigated by chemical cross-linking. Specifically, C-terminal, transmembrane residues 45-52 of PLB were individually mutated to Cys, then cross-linked to V89C in the M2 helix of SERCA2a with the thiol-specific cross-linking reagents Cu2+-phenanthroline, dibromobimane, and bisma...

Methyl 4-azidobenzoimidate, a photosensitive hetero-bifunctional cross-linking reagent, was synthesized and characterized. This reagent has an imidoester at one end, which reacts spontaneously with primary amines, and an arylazide at the other end, which reacts with a variety of chemical groups upon photolysis by ultraviolet radiation. The reagent molecules were attached to concanavalin A by re...

CTP:phosphacholine cytidylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.15) was purified from rat liver according to the method of Weinhold et al. (Weinhold, P. A., Rounsifer, M. E., and Feldman, D. A. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 5104-5110). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with or without beta-mercaptoethanol revealed a single major band of 42,000 daltons. This band corresponds to the 45-kDa...

Cross-linked quaternised Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-Phenylene Oxide) (QPPO)-based membranes were prepared via Friedel-Crafts reactions using SnCl4 catalyst, 1,3,5-trioxane and chlorotrimethylsilane as environmentally-friendly chloromethylating reagents. New equations to calculate the degree of chloromethylation (DC) cross-linking (CLD) proposed. Ionic conductivity 133 mS cm?1 at 80 °C was obtained, ...

Large reserves of coal in Tabas region of Iran are characterized by low ash and high caking index, suitable for use in metallurgy as coking coal. However, these coals cannot be gainfully utilized because of their high sulfur content. In this work, studies on desulfurization of Tabas coals were carried out in a batch reactor using various reagents. The most effective reagents,<...

the insertion of an olefinic c=c bond into a metal-carbon bond is of potential interest as a preparativeroute to new products and as results of c-c coupling reactions to organic compounds. the allyl compoundsof mg, react with an olefin by inversion of the allyl group via a six center transition state. these precyclicreactions may be one of the most important classes of organic reactions. the re...