The Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) observes spectrally resolved downwelling radiance emitted by the atmosphere in the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Profiles of temperature and water vapor, and cloud liquid water path and effective radius for a single liquid cloud layer, are retrieved using an optimal estimation–based physical retrieval algorithm from AERI...

The physical and chemical properties of raw bio-oil, two oxidized bio-oils, and hydrotreated bio-oil were compared before and after catalytic hydrodeoxygenation using sulfided CoMo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. Following continuous hydrodeoxygenation, the organic liquid products from treated bio-oils and raw bio-oil were compared for higher heating value, oxygen content, water content, and viscosity. In ad...

Water drives the functioning of Earth's arid and semiarid lands. Drylands can obtain water from sources other than precipitation, yet little is known about how non-rainfall water inputs influence dryland communities and their activity. In particular, water vapor adsorption--movement of atmospheric water vapor into soil when soil air is drier than the overlying air--likely occurs often in drylan...

Abstract. Ecosystem productivity is strongly modulated by the atmospheric deposition of inorganic reactive nitrogen (the sum ammonium and nitrate). The individual contributions nitrate vary considerably over space time, giving rise to complex patterns deposition. In absence rain, much this complexity driven large difference between dry velocity nitrogen-containing molecules in gas or condensed ...

Fog is challenging to predict, and the accuracy of fog prediction may depend on location time day. Furthermore, accurate detection difficult, since, historically, it often carried out based visual observations which can be biased are not very frequent. more make during night. To overcome these limitations, we detected using FM-120 instruments, continuously measured liquid water content in air M...

In this paper we model and experimentally verify the evolution of liquid water and nitrogen fronts along the length of the anode channel in a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell operating with a dead-ended anode that is fed by dry hydrogen. The accumulation of inert nitrogen and liquid water in the anode causes a voltage drop, which is recoverable by purging the anode. Experiments were designed ...