The aims of this study were to investigate the impact of soybean isoflavones (SIFs) on the cellular oxidative stress levels in hormone-sensitive type (LNCap) and hormone-insensitive type (DU145) of prostate cancer, and to elucidate the main components and their roles in the transformation of androgen dependency (AD)/ androgen independency (AI). The LNCap and DU145 cells were treated with differ...

BACKGROUND TGIFLX, a Homoproteins cluster member located on the X chromosome, has a critical role in male reproduction and prostate development. Previous studies have shown the erratic expression of TGIFLX gene in a large proportion of prostate tumors. However TGIFLX function in prostate development remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the consequences of TGIFLX expression...

Prostate cancer is highly sensitive to hormone therapy because androgens are essential for prostate cancer cell growth. However, with the nearly invariable progression of this disease to androgen independence, endocrine therapy ultimately fails to control prostate cancer in most patients. Androgen-independent acquisition may involve neuroendocrine transdifferentiation, but there is little knowl...

N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR), a retinoic acid analog, induces apoptosis in several cell types. The mechanism by which 4-HPR initiates apoptosis remains poorly understood. We examined the effects of 4-HPR on two prostate carcinoma cell lines, LNCaP (an androgen-sensitive, p53(+/+) cell line) and PC-3 (an androgen-insensitive, p53(-/-) cell line). 4-HPR caused sustained c-Jun N-terminal ...

The androgen receptor (AR) is highly expressed in androgen-dependent and recurrent prostate cancer (CaP) suggesting it has a role in the growth and progression of CaP. Previously proposed mechanisms for AR reactivation in recurrent CaP include altered growth factor signaling leading to protein phosphorylation and AR mutations that broaden ligand specificity. To further establish a role for AR i...

The androgen receptor (AR) plays a key role in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Targeting the AR for down-regulation would be a useful strategy for treating prostate cancer, especially hormone-refractory or androgen-independent prostate cancer. In the present study, we showed that the antiestrogen fulvestrant [ICI 182,780 (ICI)] effectively suppressed AR expression in several...

Activation of alternative growth factor pathways after androgen withdrawal is one mechanism mediating androgen-independent (AI) progression in advanced prostate cancer. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I activation is modulated by a family of IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). Although IGFBP-2 is one of the most commonly overexpressed genes in hormone refractory prostate cancer, the functional sign...

Normal (nonneoplastic) human prostatic secretory epithelial cells do not express the bcl-2 protein. However, a recent immunohistochemical survey of neoplastic human prostate tissues showed that a fraction of primary untreated prostate adenocarcinoma cells expressed this apoptosis-suppressing oncoprotein at significant levels (Colombel et al., Am. J. Pathol., 143: 390-400, 1993). Additionally, a...

Reactive stroma has been reported in many cancers, including breast, colon,and prostate. Although changes in stromal cell phenotype and extracellular matrix have been reported, specific mechanisms of how reactive stroma affects tumor progression are not understood. To address the role of stromal cells in differential regulation of tumor incidence, growth rate, and angiogenesis, LNCaP xenograft ...

s and Presentations 1. Xiang, N., Ali, H.M., Davis, R.R., Liu, S.Y., Boucher, D.L., Gregg, J.P., Kung, H.J., and Tepper, C.G. Potential role of CHES1/FOXN3 as an anti-apoptotic regulator of prostate cancer response to androgen ablative and genotoxic therapies. Poster presented at: 15th Annual Cancer Research Symposium, October 28, 2010, UC Davis Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA. 2. Invited present...