An in situ ultrasonic angle beam method has been developed to detect and size fatigue cracks emanating from fastener holes. The method employs transducers mounted in a pitch-catch configuration on each side of the hole, and the modulation of received signals with load is used to detect and size small fatigue cracks. The focus of this paper is the monitoring of a series of critical fastener hole...

Multiple attribute search is a central feature of economic life: we consider much more than price when purchasing a home, and more than wage when choosing a job. An experiment is conducted in order to explore the effects of cognitive limitations on choice in these rich settings, in accordance with the predictions of a new model of search memory load. In each task, subjects are made to search th...

Balance beam, a controller that is built adopting the gyro effect, can freely control the attitude of an unstructured object by means of the position controlling of an inner gimbal. However in the former research, the weight (inertia) of a load should be known to issue a proper command for the gimbal, which makes it hard to operate the balance beam in field applications because the load can be ...

The main function of bone is to promote locomotion and protection of vital organs. Bone is also an important mineral ions reservoir, essential to maintain phosphocalcic homeostasis. Bone mineral is a calcium phosphate named “apatite”, which form naturally in the Earth’s crust (Wopenka & Pasteris 2005). Compared to others minerals, apatite is more “tolerant” and is very accommodating to chemical...

According to the disadvantages of former shearer cutting load measuring method and its low antiinterference ability, this paper proposes a new shearer cutting load measuring method based on the current spectrum. On the basis of load analysis of shearer cutting unit drive system, the theoretical models are established between cutting load and cutting motor current. Simulated load test to the ele...

this paper proposes an optimal power flow (opf) algorithm by direct load control (dlc) programs to optimize the operational cost of smart grids considering various scenarios based on different constraints. the cost function includes active power production cost of available power sources and a novel flexible load curtailment cost associated with dlc programs. the load curtailment cost is based ...

One hundred and eleven 10th graders read an expository science text on the dipole character of water molecules (ca. 1600 words). Reading instruction was varied according to a 2 2 experimental design with factors ‘drawing pictures of text content on paper’ (yes, no) and ‘mentally imagining text content while reading’ (yes, no). The results indicate that drawing pictures, mediated through increas...

Skeletal muscle metabolic and contractile properties are reliant on muscle mitochondrial and myofibrillar protein turnover. The turnover of these specific protein pools is compromised during disease, aging, and inactivity. Oppositely, exercise can accentuate muscle protein turnover, thereby counteracting decay in muscle function. According to a traditional consensus, endurance exercise is requi...