A detailed probabilistic analysis is given of algorithms for the Dutch national flag problem. We derive central and local limit theorems for the cost, as well as probabilities of large deviations. Performance of a related algorithm is also studied. Correspondence Address: Wei-Mei Chen, Department of Applied Mathematics, Tatung University, Taipei 104, Taiwan; e-mail: wmchen@ttu,edu.tw or wmchen@...

We report the generation of independent entangled photon pairs from two synchronized but mutually incoherent laser sources. The quality of synchronization is confirmed by observing a violation of Bell's inequality with 3.2 standard deviations in an entanglement swapping experiment. The techniques developed in our experiment are not only important for realistic linear optical quantum-information...

Central and local limit theorems (including large deviations) are established for the number of comparisons used by the standard top-down recursive mergesort under the uniform permutation model. The method of proof utilizes Dirichlet series, Mellin transforms and standard analytic methods in probability theory.

The number of local optima is an important characteristic of a landscape. It appears to depend on the pair-correlation of the landscape as well as on its deviations from statistical isotropy. We use Tanaka and Edward's XY Hamiltonian as an example for an investigation of the relationships between ruggedness, metastable states, and isotropy.

An optimal contract may involve randomization when the agents differ in their attitudes towards risk, so that randomization enables the principal to relax the incentive constraints. The paper provides a necessary and sufficient condition for local random deviations to be welfare improving in a neighborhood of a nonrandom optimum. JEL classification numbers: H21, H23, H26.

automation of tractors due to their widespread use in different sectors e.g. agriculture, construction and industry have been seriously considered by researchers. in this study a tele-steering system for tractor was designed and constructed to controling and steering so the operator can control the tractor even far away from the stressful condition of tractor cab, . a cctv camera and an electri...