A rapid and simple fabrication method to construct tiny shadow-masks and their use in multi-layer surface patterning with in-situ micromechanical alignment is presented. Free-standing shadow-mask membranes are made of a 5-μm-thick SU-8 based resist layer by photolithography. They are supported by a 1-mm-large and 150-μm-thick SU-8 rim. The membrane has apertures with feature sizes ranging from ...

Abstract In this work, we present the design, implementation, and test of a low-cost, open-hardware shadow band system that enables pyranometer to measure global diffuse irradiance. This was implemented in Lima, Peru, experimentally tested by contrasting it with commercial reference consisting two pyranometers, one blocked ring. The developed automatically opens closes irradiance consecutively,...

This paper presents an approach to shadow removal that preserves texture consistency between the original shadow and lit area. Illumination reduction in the shadow area not only darkens that area, but also changes the texture characteristics there. We achieve textureconsistent shadow removal by constructing a shadow-free and textureconsistent gradient field. First, we estimate an illumination c...

This paper experimentally demonstrates an imaging technique based on quadrature noise modification after interaction with opaque object. By using a homodyne-like detection scheme, the detrimental effect of camera dark is eliminated, making this approach particularly attractive for scenarios which require weak illumination. As example, image object illuminated squeezed vacuum reconstructed total...

the efficacious effects of pulsed electromagnetic field (pemf) under the certain field parameters like frequency and the field intensity have been reported for various tissue and molecules. since collagen is found abundantly in most tissue structures, this research was designed to further investigate the effects of extremely low frequency (elf) pemf on the synthesis of the epidermal collagen. t...

introduction: public and occupational exposure to extremely low frequency (elf) electric and magnetic fields induced by electrical equipment is a significant issue in the environment and at the workplace due to their potential health effects on public health. the purpose of this study was assessment of the electric and magnetic fields intensities and determination of mental and psychological ef...

the ever increasing rate of power consumption has led to an increase in public exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (elf-mfs) and brought severe concerns about their health effects. considering previous studies and the facts about potential health effects of these fields, the present study aimed to evaluate the elf-mf flux densities from power distribution lines near hospitals in...

An efficient indirect method is presented to determine fuel-optimal many-revolution low-thrust transfers in the presence of Earth-shadow eclipses. Specifically, events shadow entrance and exit are modeled as interior-point constraints. Following observation that an ill-conditioned state transition matrix may occur when spacecraft flies over edge shadow, a two-level continuation scheme introduce...

A simple model is developed to characterize the behavior of radio-frequency absorbers at low frequency. The absorber is represented by a flat, homogeneous, isotropic slab of lossy material, with effective constitutive parameters. These parameters are determined by a fit to measured data. Excellent fits are obtained in the two applications considered. The model is intended for use in the charact...