We present the redesign and improved performance of the laser terahertz emission microscope (LTEM), which is a potential tool for locating electrical failures in integrated circuits. The LTEM produces an image of the THz waves emitted when the circuit is irradiated by a femtosecond laser; the amplitude of the THz emission is proportional to the local electric field. By redesigning the optical s...

The use of therapeutic low-level laser has become widespread in veterinary medicine. A number of illnesses and physical conditions are reported to respond to laser therapy (photobiomodulation.) There is support in the scientific literature for many of the physiologic effects claimed by proponents of laser therapy at the biochemical level. At the level of the organism however, there is still sig...

introduction: the effectiveness of low power lasers for incisional wound healing, because of conflicting results of previous research studies, is uncertain. therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate low power laser effects on incisional wound healing. materials and methods: incisional wound was produced on thirty-six mature male guinea pigs under general and local anesthesia. in half of...

This paper presents a fully differential opamp desing based on the switched-opamp approach. The common mode feedback of the proposed opamp only works on the output stage in order to allow a fast turn-on. The opamp was designed in a 0.35 m CMOS technology and is able to operate from a single 1V supply.

We report the observation of an anomalous magnetoresistance in extremely dilute quasi-one-dimensional AuFe wires at low temperatures, along with a hysteretic background at low fields. The Kondo resistivity does not show the unitarity limit down to the lowest temperature, implying uncompensated spin states. We suggest that the anomalous magnetoresistance may be understood as the interference cor...

In this paper we present a new approach to evaluate the environmental efficiency of decision making units. We propose a model that describes a two-stage process consisting of a production and an end-of-pipe abatement stage with the environmental efficiency being determined by the efficiency of both stages. Taking the dependencies between the two stages into account, we show how nonparametric me...

The conversion of sunlight into electricity has been dominated by photovoltaic and solar thermal power generation. Photovoltaic cells are deployed widely, mostly as flat panels, whereas solar thermal electricity generation relying on optical concentrators and mechanical heat engines is only seen in large-scale power plants. Here we demonstrate a promising flat-panel solar thermal to electric po...

It can’t be ignored that the impact of distribution network to the static voltage stability of the distributed generation. In this paper, we first introduce the stability indices of the traditional grid on static voltage and the analytical method, at the same time, we put forward the corresponding advantages, disadvantages and applicable scope. Then, we present a summary of the current research...

Perovskite solar cells based on organometal halide light absorbers have been considered a promising photovoltaic technology due to their superb power conversion efficiency (PCE) along with very low material costs. Since the first report on a long-term durable solid-state perovskite solar cell with a PCE of 9.7% in 2012, a PCE as high as 19.3% was demonstrated in 2014, and a certified PCE of 17....