Wildlife responses to infectious disease can be influenced by environmental stressors that alter host-pathogen dynamics. We investigated how livestock grazing, climatic variation, and breeding phenology influence prevalence annual survival in boreal toad (Anaxyrus boreas boreas) populations challenged with Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), a fungal pathogen implicated global amphibian declin...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES The southern part of India has witnessed an increase in scrub typhus (ST) during the past ten years. ST outbreaks occurred during winter months but at intervals of one to three years. With only a few reports of ST in Puducherry, this study was undertaken to look for the persistence of ST cases in Puducherry and Tamil Nadu in the winter months. METHODS During relatively...

I have always been a poor "getter-upper" in the mornings, but lately I haven't even awakened when the alarm goes off. I just sleep right through it and wake up at around noon. I have been missing classes regularly and it's very distressing! I haven't been going to bed any later (I go to sleep at around 2:30 or 3 AM and have since the beginning of school and I used to wake up at around ten for m...

Background. Most football players (58%) around the world are younger than 18 years and almost three quarters of these young players are under the age of 14 years old. The characteristics of football injuries in children aged 7 - 12 years old are different from those of the young and adult players. Objectives. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate effects of FIFA 11+ and 11+ Kids wa...

A year ago, a majority of the Purdue land values survey respondents felt land values were at or near their low point. Apparently they were correct. The USDA reported that Indiana land values increased 6 percent in the year ending February I. The Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago has reported quarterly gains in land values for several quarters. A majority of farmers poned at Extension meetings las...

the objective of the present study was to determine whether there was an association between the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility test results of subclinical mastitis pathogens and bacteriological outcomes of intramammary treatments using cefquinome. a total of 110 intramammary pathogens from 51 cows were assessed in this study. most intramammary infections were due to coagulase-negative s...

First-calf heifers were fitted with five different intramammary device models prior to, or within 2 mo after parturition. Each model represented an increase in the weight of the device to be supported by the epithelial cells of the gland cistern. Each model was tested in four animals by placing devices in two quarters while remaining quarters served as controls. Foremilk and stripping quarter s...

To get comfortable air, it can be done by using an air conditioner or cooler. The electrical power used for the cooler is relatively lower. This research aims to see effect of number cooling pads on output condition and effectiveness was conducted experimentally. varying used, thick. distance between 1.5 cm. temperature inlet has a dry bulb 30