INTRODUCTION In many facilities, drains are routinely inserted after thyroidectomy with the aim of preventing hematoma formation and accumulation of seroma. The continued use of drains may be based more on tradition rather than proven scientific evidence. OBJECTIVE To assess the benefit of drain use after thyroidectomy by determining; length of hospital stay, post operative pain and wound sep...

Background: Thyroidectomy is one of the most difficult surgical procedures. The study aims to compare thyroidectomy procedure with drain placement and without concerning hospital stay, Postoperative complications, pain assessment using a visual analog scale. Methods: A prospective comparative was designed in Department otorhinolaryngology & Head Neck Surgery---removed for blind review----. ...

Aim: To compare the outcome of laparoscopic cholecystectomy with and without drain. Study design: Randomized controlled trial Place and duration of study: Surgical department of CMH lahore medical and dental college Unit I, II, III and IV, Jinnah hospital, Lahore.6 months 15-11-2009 to 14-05-2010. Patient and methods: Five hundred and seventy cases of gallstone disease were registered who fulfi...

A new method of forming low-resistance, ultra-shallow p+ junctions for improved PMOSFET short-channel performance is presented. Ultra-shallow Sio,8Geo,2/Si heterojunctions self-aligned to the gate electrode are formed by Ge ion implantation. Afterwards, sidewall spacers are formed and a deep B implant is performed to form the deep source/drain (S/D) contact regions. Upon post-implant annealing,...

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laparoscopy has made a revolution in surgical procedures and treatment of various diseases but its complications are still under investigation. intra-abdominal visceral and vessel injuries, trocar site hernia, and leaving foreign bodies into the peritoneal cavity are among some laparoscopic surgery complications. this is a rare report of penrose drain migration following incomplete laparoscopic...

r a 200 .046 .: +44 19 all@durh Summary Water discolouration is a major management problem for UK water companies as a proportion of the supply relies on runoff from peat-covered catchments. Many peats have been drained using surface ditches but this has been shown to lead to more severe water discolouration. Drain-blocking is now actively encouraged in UK peatlands to promote peatland habitats...

the split-block experimental design with three replications was used to study the effect of subsoiling in different distances from drain axison soil salinity,and wheat yield. the measurements included soil cone index, soil bulkdensity, infiltration rate and electrical conductivity of saturated extract. each treatment was composed of two factors. the main factors consisted of 3 different distanc...