Objective To assess the inspiratory demand in young infants with acute viral bronchiolitis to provide a physiological basis for initial flow setting patients supported high nasal cannula. Study design Prospective study 44 up 6 months old bronchiolitis, admitted pediatric intensive care unit from November 2017 March 2019. Airflow measurements were performed using spirometry. The primary endpoint...

Smoking-induced diffuse interstitial lung processes include respiratory bronchiolitis, respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease (RBILD), desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP) and Langerhans' cell histiocytosis. The histological, radiological and clinical features of respiratory bronchiolitis, RBILD and DIP are reviewed, with particular reference to management issues; L...

OBJECTIVES Bronchiolitis obliterans is the greatest limitation to the long-term applicability of lung transplantation. Although alloimmune events are important, nonimmune events, such as gastroesophageal reflux, might contribute to lung injury and the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. METHODS We retrospectively studied the 396 patients who underwent lung transplantation at the...

BACKGROUND Bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in infants. Up to 3% of all children in their first year of life are hospitalized with bronchiolitis. Bronchodilators and corticosteroids are commonly used treatments, but little consensus exists about optimal management strategies. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review of the effectiveness of commonly used treat...

PURPOSE Bronchiolitis is an acute inflammatory injury of the bronchioles, and is the most frequent cause of hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infections in preterm infants. This was a retrospective, observational, case-control study conducted in Italy, based on administrative database analysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in health care costs of preterm infants w...

BACKGROUND Acute airway infections, including bronchiolitis, are common causes of early childhood hospitalization. The development of later asthma may be related to early airway infections in young children. This study is to investigate the relationship between hospitalized airway infections (HAI) in young children (< 3 years old) and later childhood asthma. METHODS Hospitalized children (< 3...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES It remains unclear whether hyponatremia independently predicts a higher severity of bronchiolitis in children. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between hyponatremia and bronchiolitis severity in children hospitalized in the ICU for bronchiolitis. METHODS We conducted a 16-center, prospective cohort study of hospitalized children aged <2 ...