The current generation of smart materials has diverse dynamic features that enable them to adapt to the environment and make them the materials of the future. There are four of these aspects of which at least one is incorporated in a functional smart-material based device: smart materials can be sensors or actuators, they can be controlled or they can have biomimetic characteristics. Sensors ar...

In this paper, we propose a new fluid-fluid collision model for particle-based immiscible fluid animation. Our model consists of two components, namely, collision detection and collision response. An interesting feature is that our model not only can prevent immiscible fluids from mixing with each other, but also can allow one fluid to run through or to wrap around another fluid. The model is v...

to investigate uterine fluid and serum copper (cu) and zinc (zn) variations during the estrous cycle in water buffaloes, 71 genital tracts and blood samples were collected from the abattoir in urmia, iran. the phase of the estrous cycle was determined by examining ovarian structures; 18, 15, 16 and 22 were pro-estrous, estrous, met-estrous and diestrous, respectively. the uterine fluid was coll...

Nowadays, atomic-force microscopy plays a significant role in nanoscience and nanotechnology, and is widely used for direct measurement at atomic scale and scanning the sample surfaces. In tapping mode, the microcantilever of atomic-force microscope is excited at resonance frequency. Therefore, it is important to study its resonance. Moreover, atomic-force microscopes can be operated in fluid e...

background: despite a high prevalence of endometriosis, there still exist many challenges in diagnosing the disease. this study aims to evaluate non-invasive and practical diagnostic methods by measuring serum and peritoneal fluid ca 125 levels in patients with endometriosis. a secondary aim is to determine the correlation between these markers with the stage of disease as well as the relations...

background: determination of oocyte fertilization and embryo quality are one of the most important purposes in art cycles. follicular fluid provides an important microenvironment for development of oocytes and some biochemical characteristics of the follicular fluid, such as pregnancy-associated plasma protein-a (papp-a), may play an important role in prediction of success rate of art. objectiv...