This paper proposes a new theory of reduplication that is based on redefining phonological copying as distribution underlying activity within the framework Gradient Symbolic Representations (Smolensky & Goldrick 2016). assumption correctly predicts copied elements are more likely to undergo reduction and in non-copying context implies but not vice versa. These predictions summarized emp...

The distinction between verbatim and gist memory traces has furthered the understanding of numerous phenomena in various fields, such as false memory research, research on reasoning and decision making, and cognitive development. To measure verbatim and gist memory empirically, an experimental paradigm and multinomial measurement model has been proposed but rarely applied. In the present articl...