The management of water resources in arid and semiarid areas has long been a challenge, from ancient Mesopotamia to the modern southwestern United States. As our understanding of the hydrological and climatological cycles has improved, and our ability to manipulate the hydrologic cycle has increased, so too have the challenges associated with managing a limited natural resource for a growing po...

The responsibilities which civil engineers, and particularly the engineer of record, accept are considered. The interaction with other decision makers such as the owner, stakeholders, the law and contractors results in complexity that can be partially resolved by the introduction of protocols in the form of regulations and codes of practice. However, uncertainty always exists and can result in ...

Engineered nanoscale materials (ENMs) present a difficult challenge for risk assessors and regulators. Continuing uncertainty about the potential risks of ENMs means that expert opinion will play an important role in the design of policies to minimize harmful implications while supporting innovation. This research aims to shed light on the views of 'nano experts' to understand which nanomateria...

Simulation has been evolved to facilitate the process of designing, analyzing, planning and controlling of engineering processes and to aid decision-makers in setting long term project goals. Computer simulation tools thus provide an opportunity for engineers to create models that represent activities, resources, and the environment under which a project is taking place. However, such models wo...

The article presents the philosophical and methodological model of the anthropological crisis caused by social and cultural transformation of the modern civilization. It analyses the essence and cause of the anomie and social orienting cultural regulatory mechanisms in the social system. The authors consider existential characteristics of the individual in the new “innovative” social space and ...

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by randy K. smith, andrew J. graettinger, ph.d., Kerri Keith and allen parrish introduction The ability of transportation and traffic safety engineers to efficiently and effectively deploy available resources is dependent on their ability to quickly and accurately evaluate existing information. Varied research has indicated the important role geographical information systems (GIS) can play in h...

the engineers can frequently encounter with the situation to select the optimum option among the alternatives related with tunneling operations. the optimum choice can be selected by the experienced engineers taking into consideration their judgment and intuition. however, decision-making methods can offer to the engineers to support their optimum selection for a particular application in a sci...