Abstract The development of all-optical techniques and analytical tools to visualize manipulate the activity identified neuronal ensembles enables characterization causal relations between behavioral states. In this chapter, we review implementation simultaneous two-photon imaging holographic optogenetics in conjunction with population identify reactivate control a visual-guided behavior.

The ability of parasites to alter the behaviour of their hosts fascinates both scientists and non-scientists alike. One reason that this topic resonates with so many is that it touches on core philosophical issues such as the existence of free will. If the mind is merely a machine, then it can be controlled by any entity that understands the code and has access to the machinery. This special is...