In general, legal responses to end-of-life issues are not very different in Switzerland than in most European countries. For instance, active euthanasia (i.e. killing on request) is illegal, although it is treated as a lesser offense than murder or manslaughter. Article 114 of the Swiss Penal Code reads, “Every person who, for honorable reasons, especially mercy, kills another person on his or ...

The booing of the England and Italian football teams when they took knee before final match 2020 UEFA European Football Championship online racist abuse Black players subsequent to their performance in match, just a week after sentencing police officer relation manslaughter former player Dalian Atkinson, raises connections between racism sport society. These incidents also highlight need for tr...

This chapter reports an attempt to use cleared crime data to show that prolific offenders do repeat crimes against the same target. It was found that crime by the same person accounts for the bulk of detected crime against the same victim. This is dramatically true when the unit of analysis is the street. Offenders known to commit crimes against the same target are found to be more prolific. Th...

In a recent change of Ministry of Defence policy, endorsed by the Second Permanent UnderSecretary and soon to be published in JSP 815 (ref. 1), the Department’s Functional Safety Boards have been asked to take on a new remit: providing End-to-End assurance of safety. But what does this mean? And how will it affect day-to-day business in the Department? This paper describes the Ship Safety Board...

“state of war” is the most significant consequence of war declaration. “dār al- harb” is considered as the land against which islam has declared the state of war. sometimes it may be as the same as “ma’rekeh” (the theater of war). declaration and beginning of war influences the entire world and especially puts effects on political and commercial relations which may lead to their suspension, rev...

Using data on the entire population of prisoners under a sentence of death in the United States between 1977 and 1997, this paper investigates the probability of transition from death row to various possible outcomes (execution, death by other causes, commutation, and overturned sentence or conviction) in any given year, as well as the probability of commutation when reaching the end of death r...

n June 1997 a sixteen-year-old girl named Shannon Nixon began to I feel ill. Her parents belonged to the Faith Tabernacle Church, one of a number of American sects which believe that illness should be treated spiritually rather than medically. Accordingly, the Nkons prayed for Shannon and took her to be anointed at their church. Shannon reported that she felt better and that the spiritual treat...

Last week, it fell to a judge in a UK court to decide the fate of a woman who had killed both her children, while suff ering from postnatal depression. The court heard from three psychiatrists who gave evidence that Felicia Boots, who suff ocated her 14-month-old and 10-week-old children, had postnatal depression. She had stopped her prescribed antidepressants because she was convinced that the...

One year ago, I had one of the worst experiences a hospital epidemiologist can have: a Serratia marcescens outbreak in a neonatal department with a total of 21 colonized or infected newborns. This outbreak caused headlines in all national TV channels and newspapers for at least one week in Germany. What happened? On October 8th, we identified two newborns with S. marcescens bloodstream infectio...

I n 1992, Kenneth Calman chaired a working group to reform British postgraduate specialist training. These reforms included a reduction in the duration of specialist training, the replacement of the old senior registrar and registrar grades by a combined specialist registrar grade (SpR), and the creation of a certificate of completion of specialist training (CCST), which would be recognised in ...