juxtaposition of words is a linguistic phenomenon that exists in all languages and is not specific to a language and means common relationship of one word with other certain words in a language. juxtaposition of words is one of the most important issues of semantics because of its important role in determining meaning of many words and combinations. this verbal phenomenon is one of distinguishi...

sociology of literature has relation with sociology on the one hand and and the literature on the other hand. delving into the  relation between literature and society forms basis of socialogical criticism of the literature. this approach focuses mainly on the structure and content of literary work and its relationship with society and interactions of literature, society and reflection of socia...

literature severely needs innovation and renewal to exit from weakness and inanition mood and there must be a strong connection between renewal and literal- cultural heritage. the renewal must prepare context to create new literal genres in addition to utilizing positive aspects of other cultures. so, this type of renewal is positive. hadith of isa ibn hisham, essay of mohammad al mavilhi is co...

this article examines the mu‘tazilite qādī ‘abd al-jabbār’s views on the denotation of miracles according to his own particular methodology. despite his acceptance of the celebrated method of the theologians in the denotation of miracles with respect to the authenticity of prophets, i.e., resorting to divine wisdom, qādī ‘abd al-jabbār instead proposed the issue within the structure of conven...

athir al-din al-abhari has a treatise bibliographies have called “thamani ‘ashra mas’ala fi al-kalam” (i.e., 18 problems in theology) or “al-mas’il” (i.e. the problems), but our findings show that its real name is “tahrir al-dalail fi taqrir al-masa’il” (i.e. the introduction of arguments for the establishment of the problems). the treatise, which is presumably his only writing in kalam, contai...

some logicians as avicenna, khaja nasir al-din tusi, and dabiran katebi believe that denotation (dilala) is dependent on volition (irada), and as long as there is no volition, there is no denotation. some others like qutb al-din razi completely reject this idea and maintain that denotation merely depends on “knowledge of designation” (al-ilm bi al-wad’). some of methodologicians of jurisprudenc...

extended abstract 1. introduction the story of a hero’s journey and weathering arduous stages for the purpose of accomplishing a specific objective and subsequently bestowing the gifts of that tortuous journey on companions is an archetype which instigated joseph campbell (1904-1987), an american mythologist, to propound a comprehensive outline to portray an archetype of a heroes’ journey, with...

This study aims to be able understand and apply educational values ??in Muhammad Sholeh Darat's view, so that ongoing education becomes more meaningful, not capital-oriented only material-oriented. The method used in this research is descriptive-explanative research, where the author tries describe first how basic construction of Islamic epistemology, context situation behind Darat. Based on re...

al-ghazali was one of the islamic scholars who was concerned to revival of religious teachings. in ihya’ ‘ulum al-din, he tried to provide a pattern in this regard for the believers of his time. in this article, authors attempt to discuss effects of religiosity with emphasis on psychological views of al-ghazali. for this purpose, al-ghazali’s ideas which has been expressed in four parts of ihya...