The regional evaluation of monitoring stations for water resources can be of great importance due to its role in finding appropriate locations for stations, the maximum gathering of useful information and preventing the accumulation of unnecessary information and ultimately reducing the cost of data collection. Based on the theory of discrete entropy, this study analyzes the density of rain gag...

This chapter deals with the requirements for observations at aeronautical meteorological stations and the instruments and methods that are used. Synoptic observations measure at one location a representative value for a rather large area, but meteorological observations for aeronautical purposes are often made at several locations at the aerodrome and in the surrounding area, at more frequent i...

Locating events in Southern California is quite simple since we have about 500 stations, with a large fraction broadband (TriNet). We locate and identify within minutes. Thus, we have an opportunity to test hybrid methods against the full array estimate. Here we report on three projects addressing these issues; (1) locating events using one calibrated station with waveform data plus a few other...

Information systems consist of multiple mobile stations and xed stations communicating with each other. Mission critical applications are required to be executed fault-tolerantly in these systems. However, mobile stations support neither enough volume of storage and processing power nor enough capacity of battery to do reliable communication for a long period. Moreover, wireless communication c...

In this study, optimum combinations of available rainfall gauging stations are selected by a model which is consist of geo statistics model as an estimator  and an optimized model. At the  first,  watershed  is  approximated  to  several  regular  geometric  shapes.  Then  kriging calculates  the  variance &nbs...

Iran is a country with high seismicity while Tehran, the capital city is home to more than 10 million people which are located on the highest seismic zone of the country. There exist 153 gas stations throughout the metropolitan which are constructed to old building codes with little or no attention to the seismic considerations. In this study which was supported by the National Oil Company, fir...

introduction earth has ever been exposed to environmental hazards. the hazards are continually occurring in the world in the recent years. among them, atmospheric elements have created many human and financial losses in different regions. one of the hazards is dust events and in its severe case is dust storm. it happens more frequently in arid and semiarid regions in deserts and their surroundi...

One of the main features of IEEE 802.16m is the relay transmission which could not only extend the service coverage, but also improve the quality-of-service (QoS) to the mobile stations. In this paper, we consider the cooperation among relay stations and mobile stations to improve the performance of relay transmission in IEEE 802.16m network. In this case, the relay stations and mobile stations...