In the three decades since Marr put forward his computational theory of hippocampal coding, many computational models have been built on the same key principles proposed by Marr: sparse representations, rapid Hebbian storage, associative recall and consolidation. Most of these models have focused on either the CA3 or CA1 fields, using "off-the-shelf" learning algorithms such as competitive lear...

The multidrug efflux pump MepA is a major contributor to multidrug resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. MepR, a member of the multiple antibiotic resistance regulator (MarR) family, represses mepA and its own gene. Here, we report the structure of a MepR-mepR operator complex. Structural comparison of DNA-bound MepR with 'induced' apoMepR reveals the large conformational changes needed to allow...

Classical Marr-Albus theories of cerebellar learning employ only cortical sites of plasticity. However, tests of these theories using adaptive calibration of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) have indicated plasticity in both cerebellar cortex and the brainstem. To resolve this long-standing conflict, we attempted to identify the computational role of the brainstem site, by using an adaptive fi...

CouR, a MarR-type transcriptional repressor, regulates the cou genes, encoding p-hydroxycinnamate catabolism in the soil bacterium Rhodococcus jostii RHA1. The CouR dimer bound two molecules of the catabolite p-coumaroyl-CoA (Kd = 11 ± 1 μM). The presence of p-coumaroyl-CoA, but neither p-coumarate nor CoASH, abrogated CouR's binding to its operator DNA in vitro. The crystal structures of ligan...

Introduction to motor learning theory There have been successive attempts to understand the relationships between the structure, function, and dynamics in neuronal circuits (Arbib et al., 1998) in the hope of explaining behavior. At different times these attempts have been based on the available experimental data and conceptual tools and have been synthesized into various theories and models. O...

The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is a very powerful and successful strategic performance management tool. This management white paper describes a BSC in simple terms. The paper outlines the four perspectives of a Balanced Scorecard and explains the importance of Strategy Maps. It shows how many organisations use the Balanced Scorecard today and describes the key benefits of a scorecard implementati...

One of the plantation commodities that has potential to become a source foreign exchange for Indonesia is cloves (Syzigium aromaticum L. Marr. and Perr.). National production fluctuates, so in it known as big harvest, medium harvest small harvest. The clove cigarette industry main consumer because absorbs 95% national which used raw material producing. This causes volume exported reduced, there...

Objective(s):  Denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) is a high throughput approach for screening DNA sequence variations. To assess oven calibration, cartridge performance, buffer composition and stability, the WAVE Low and High Range Mutation Standards are employed to ensure reproducibility and accuracy of the chromatographic analysis. The purpose of this study was to provi...