There are a large number of historic buildings which were mainly made blue-brick masonry in today’s world. However, for the natural and man-made reasons, these have been damaged different degrees. In order to protect more scientifically learn about preservation state existing buildings, it is necessary ascertain material properties blue brick buildings. The article takes bricks historical Kaife...

The growing attention to sustainability and life cycle issues by European international policies has recently encouraged the adoption, in construction sector, of environmental labels able quantify impacts on environment associated with fabrication several building materials, e.g., their embodied energy carbon. Within this framework, since walls represent a large percentage mass therefore impact...

Several studies on different techniques can be found retrofitting existing unreinforced masonry (URM) walls using varieties of materials ranging from reinforced plaster, grout and epoxy injectio...

this paper presents a macro model to predict unreinforced masonry structures in plane behavior. the model is based on the concept of multilaminate theory. in the past, the method has been used to model behavior of soil, disregarding the cohesion and the tensile strength. regarding its mathematical base, and the possibility of applying in other cases, this method is used to predict the ultimate ...

Lead in paint continues to be a threat to children's health in cities across the United States, which means there is an ongoing need for testing and analysis of paint. This ongoing analytical effort and especially development of new methods continue to drive the need for diagnostic testing materials that provide the analytical challenges of real-world paints. To this end, 31 different types of ...

The study of structural masonry joined to geohydrological hazards in cultural heritage represents a multidisciplinary theme, which requires consideration several aspects, among them the characterization materials used. In this paper, first complete chemical, minero-petrographic, and physico-mechanical core samples taken from two Florence riverbanks (Lungarno degli Acciaiuoli Lungarno delle Graz...

Masonry has been probably one of the first structural materials used by humankind since centuries civilization in a variety applications that spans from housing to infrastructures. ...