OBJECTIVE Developmental defects of the thyroid gland are the most frequent causes of permanent congenital hypothyroidism. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological features of patients with thyroid dysgenesis (TD). METHODS Medical records of 234 patients with TD followed between the years 2008 and 2010 were evaluated retrospectively. Diagnosis was made by ultrasonography. RESULTS ...

Abstract Epidermis stem cells have a crucial role through the processes of proliferation and differentiation, to replace that are constantly lost during tissue turnover or following injury. On other hand, thyroid hormones regulate differentiation epidermal thus significantly influence homeostasis skin. It is well known maternal hypothyroidism pregnancy leads impaired development many organ syst...

During pregnancy, the thyroid gland must produce 50% more thyroid hormone to maintain the euthyroid state. Women with decreased thyroid reserve preconception, most typically due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis, may develop hypothyroidism during pregnancy. Data over the last 20 years have reported a strong association between subclinical hypothyroidism and adverse maternal/fetal events. As a result o...

In 2011, the American Thyroid association published guidelines concerning the attitude toward maternal thyroid (dys)function during pregnancy and postpartum. The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists also -recommend a case-finding approach although several studies has shown that up to 50% of women with thyroid dysfunction will be missed. Recently, it was shown that 0.6% of all pregn...

The mutations in the dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) and dual oxidase maturation factor 2 (DUOXA2) genes can cause congenital hypothyroidism (CH). This study reports the pedigree with goitrous congenital hypothyroidism (GCH) due to the coexistence of heterozygous mutations in the DUOX2 and DUOXA2 genes. The two sisters with GCH were diagnosed with CH at neonatal screening and were enrolled in this study...

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are environmental endocrine disruptors, altering thyroid hormone concentrations in mammals. Normal thyroid hormone concentrations, particularly thyroxine (T 4), are necessary for normal growth and development in the fetus, and throughout infancy and into adulthood. The importance of thyroid hormone to development has been demonstrated clinically by the effects of...