This report is a rst attempt of formalizing the diagonalization proof technique. We give a strategy how to systematically construct diagonalization proofs: (i) nding an indexing relation, (ii) constructing a diagonal element, and (iii) making the implicit contradiction of the diagonal element explicit. We suggest a declarative representation of the strategy and describe how it can be realized i...

The last few years have seen an opening up of what is considered to be the legitimate terrain of international relations (IR). This move is, for the most part, extremely welcome. Yet, the multiple theoretical and empirical openings in IR since the end of the Cold War have failed to elucidate many of the puzzles, questions and problems posed by the contemporary conjuncture. There are a number of...

The notion of rough sets, introduced by Z. Pawlak in 1982, is to capture impreciseness and indiscernibility of objects. The basic assumption of rough set theory is that human knowledge about a universe depends upon their capability to classify its objects. Classifications (or partitions) of a universe and equivalence relations defined on it are known to be interchangeable notions. So, for mathe...

Let Θ be an arbitrary variety of algebras and H an algebra in Θ. Along with algebraic geometry in Θ over the distinguished algebra H, a logical geometry in Θ over H is considered. This insight leads to a system of notions and stimulates a number of new problems. Some logical invariants of algebras H ∈ Θ are introduced and logical relations between different H1 and H2 in Θ are analyzed. The pape...

The two main types of law are legislation and precedents. Both types have a corresponding reasoning pattern determining legal consequences: legislation can be applied and precedents followed. The separate modelling of these two reasoning patterns using logical techniques has recently seen considerable progress. About the logical links between the two less is known, although progress has already...

Physician assistants (PAs) have been used for decades in the Canadian military. Now, PAs are being introduced in various clinical settings to provide patient care for the general population. This article reviews major developments in the PA profession across Canada over the last decade. Nearly 541 PAs are employed in Canada or work for a Canadian agency. Growing evidence demonstrates the positi...

A paper previously published in Law and Human Behavior by D. Davis and W. C. Follette (2002) argued that certain "profiling" characteristics commonly admitted into court have little or no probative value. They argued that this is especially likely to be true when the characteristic used as evidence (e.g., having an extramarital affair) is rather common in the population whereas the act in quest...

When people use mathematics to model real-life situations, their modeling is often mediated by semantic alignment (Bassok, Chase, & Martin, 1998): The entities in a problem situation evoke semantic relations (e.g., tulips and vases evoke the functionally asymmetric “contain” relation), which people align with analogous mathematical relations (e.g., the noncommutative division operation, tulips/...

The back propagation (BP) neural network algorithm is a multi-layer feedforward network trained according to error back propagation algorithm and is one of the most widely applied neural network models. BP network can be used to learn and store a great deal of mapping relations of input-output model, and no need to disclose in advance the mathematical equation that describes these mapping relat...

School is the main scenario of social actions where the foundations of interpersonal relations other than those of the family are laid down; it has therefore become one of the main settings for psychoeducational research. In recent years, the phenomena of poor interpersonal relations, gratuitous and cruel aggression, the resulting victimization, and the construction of a psychopathic and inmora...