Tamarindus indica (Fabaceae) have been using in traditional medicine to cure various diseases, including mental stress and anxiousness. The current study was aimed evaluate phytochemical analysis anxiolytic activity of flower extracts (n-Hexane, Ethyl acetate, Chloroform methanol) different animal models such as elevated plus-maze, mirror chamber, light/dark, hole board tests. had showed presen...

Animals navigate using cognitive maps. However, how they adaptively exploit these maps in changing environments is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the problem-solving behaviors of mice in a complicated maze in which multiple routes with different intersections were available (Test 1). Although all mice eventually settled on the shortest route, mice that initially exhibited ...

To investigate the relationship between regional hippocampal volume and memory in healthy elderly, 147 community-based volunteers, aged 55-83years, were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging, the Groton Maze Learning Test, Visual Reproduction and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. Hippocampal volumes were determined by interactive volumetry. We found greater age-related reduction in th...

The development of animal models of anxiety is of great importance to detect potential anxiolytic drugs and study the anxiety phenomenon. The selection of anxious and non anxious rats in animal may represent a good procedure to help study rats behavior when tested in animal models. The present study aimed to investigate the differences among rats selected in an elevated plus maze test. Rats wer...

Social cooperation is a state in which people work together on shared activity from they both benefit, and the success of each person dependent everyone doing their part. Imagine, for example, basketball game all team members make effort cooperate to win game. To study this kind social lab, we used rats. We created special maze two rats must coordinate behavior as pair, moving through sections ...