Several authors relate accumulation (or precipitation) at the glacier equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) to summer mean temperature using exponential or power-law functions. I analyze the accumulation–temperature relation at the ELA with a degree-day model using data from the 1992 paper by A. Ohmura and others. The dataset includes estimates at the ELA of winter balance and of ‘winter balance plus...

This analysis was conducted on 31 synoptic stations in Iran. Initially, the Mann-Kendall test was administered in order to analyse the trend of alterations of these two components over time and the results suggest that 16% of the stations show significant relationship with annual precipitation (positive and negative). More stations showed significant relationships between sunspots and minimum a...

In this paper trends of precipitation and stream flow are analyzed in the Atrak River basin in the North Khorasan province. Normal score linear regression, Mann-Kendall, and Seasonal Kendall trend tests were adopted. Three precipitation variables and two stream flow variables including total precipitation, maximum daily precipitation, and number of rainy days, mean discharge and peak discharge ...

Changes in regional water availability belong to the most crucial potential impacts of anthropogenic climate change, but are highly uncertain. It is thus of key importance for stakeholders to assess the possible implications of different global temperature thresholds on these quantities. Using a subset of climate model simulations from the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Projec...

Understanding how predicted species responses to climate change are affected by advances in climate modeling is important for determining the frequency with which vulnerability assessments need to be updated. We used ecological niche models to compare predicted climatic habitat suitability for 132 species of reptiles and amphibians in California, USA under the previous and current generations o...

Seasonality and interannual variability in North American photosynthetic activity reflect potential patterns of climate variability. We simulate 24 yr (1983–2006) and evaluate regional and seasonal contribution to annual mean gross primary productivity (GPP) as well as its interannual variability. The highest productivity occurs in Mexico, the southeast United States and the Pacific Northwest. ...

We measured bulk δC and δN values and carbon and nitrogen elemental concentrations of leaves collected from Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng trees cultivated at 39 sites across the United States under different latitudes and climatic regions. δD values from south-facing leaf n-alkanes of 27 trees were also determined. Climate data over the past 50 years (1950–2009) were compiled from st...

Climate change is a phenomenon has been based on the available evidence from a very long time ago and now its existence is very probable. The speed and nature of climate parameters changes at the middle of twentieth century has been different and its quickness more than the before and its trend changed to some extent comparing to the past. Climate change issue now regarded as not only one of th...

We develop a framework that casts the point water-vegetation dynamics under stochastic rainfall forcing as a continuous-time random walk (CTRW), which yields an evolution equation for the joint probability density function (PDF) of soil-moisture and biomass. We find regime shifts in the steady-state PDF as a consequence of changes in the rainfall structure, which flips the relative strengths of...