black stem is one of the most important fungal diseases of sunflower which is caused by phoma macdonaldii. this research was conducted to clarify the interactions between a few breeder lines and wild-type accessions of sunflower with seven isolates of phoma macdonaldii, the causal agent, under controlled conditions. the experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with three r...

In this paper, we discuss the use of the Meaning-Text Theory (MTT) of [Mel88] in a controlled language (CL) application. We show that MTT defines a linguistic framework which is ideally suited for the definition and automation of CL rules. In the paper, we first briefly present a CL system based on MTT. We then discuss MTT in more detail. We show how CL-specific information can be represented s...

We study the performance of Arabic text classification combining various techniques: (a) tfidf vs. dependency syntax, for feature selection and weighting; (b) class association rules vs. support vector machines, for classification. The Arabic text is used in two forms: rootified and lightly stemmed. The results we obtain show that lightly stemmed text leads to better performance than rootified ...

Recent research has shown clear improvement in translation quality by exploiting linguistic syntax for either the source or target language. However, when using syntax for both languages (“tree-to-tree” translation), there is evidence that syntactic divergence can hamper the extraction of useful rules (Ding and Palmer 2005). Smith and Eisner (2006) introduced quasi-synchronous grammar, a formal...

Listeners experience electroacoustic music as full of significance and meaning, and they experience spatiality as one of the factors contributing to its meaningfulness. If we want to understand spatiality in electroacoustic music, we must understand how the listener’s mental processes give rise to the experience of meaning. In electroacoustic music as in everyday life, these mental processes un...

This study examined the relationship between meaning making and rumination regarding stressful events. We focused on two facets of rumination: intrusive and deliberate. Participants (N = 121) completed a questionnaire about a stressful event in their life that assessed the possibility of preventing the event, probability of the event occurring, perceived threat of the event, and meaning making....

Speakers modulate their prosody to express not only emotional information but also semantic information (e.g., raising pitch for upward motion). Moreover, this information can help listeners infer meaning. Work investigating the communicative role of prosodically conveyed meaning has focused on reference resolution, and potential mnemonic benefits remain unexplored. We investigated the effect o...

One controversy in bilingual language processing research is whether individuals who speak more than one language selectively activate or access lexical representations in a target language, that is the language they are currently using, or whether instead, they nonselectively activate lexical representations in both languages, regardless of the language currently in use. Much of the research f...