Over the past few decades, the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the diagnosis of equine lameness has revolutionized our understanding of what used to be termed ‘navicular disease’. Prior to MRI, navicular disease was diagnosed primarily by a positive response to palmar digital nerve blocks (PDNB) and identification of characteristic radiological findings; particularly changes...

There is a certain consensus on some defining features of collocations (they are frequent, recurrent, conventional, institutionalized, etc.), but there is not much agreement on other characteristics, for example whether or not they constitute binary lexical relations, and, crucially, whether they are arbitrary, and must be stipulated, or should instead be deduced or inferred. I will argue that ...

This article presents the results we obtained on a complex annotation task (that of dependency syntax) using a specifically designed Game with a Purpose, ZombiLingo.1 We show that with suitable mechanisms (decomposition of the task, training of the players and regular control of the annotation quality during the game), it is possible to obtain annotations whose quality is significantly higher t...

The current PASSAGE syntactic representation is the result of 9 years of constant evolution with the aim of providing a common ground for evaluating parsers of French whatever their type and supporting theory. In this paper we present the latest developments concerning the formalism and show first through a review of basic linguistic phenomena that it is a plausible minimal common ground for re...

the present article aims at drawing inferences from the holy verses of the qur’ān that are useful in cognitive treatment of depression disorder. the lawful inference of these doctrines takes place on the basis of verbal contexts of speech such as emphatic words and conventional meaning of the words as well as allegorical interpretation (ta’wīl) of speech on the basis of the rule for the biparti...