Recent evidence has shown that a single maintenance dose of heroin attenuates psychophysiological stress responses in heroin-dependent patients, probably reflecting the effectiveness of heroin-assisted therapies for the treatment of severe heroin addiction. However, the underlying neural circuitry of these effects has not yet been investigated. Using a cross-over, double-blind, vehicle-controll...

BACKGROUND Early alcohol use is associated with abuse and dependence of licit and illicit substances later in life. The role of genetic and environmental factors in this association is not conclusive. METHOD In 1992, data on substance use, abuse/dependence and psychiatric disorders were collected from 8169 male twin members of the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. The interview obtained age of onset...

In Operational Research practice there are almost always alternative paths that can be followed in the modeling and problem solving process. Path dependence refers to the impact of the path on the outcome of the process. The steps of the path include, e.g. forming the problem solving team, the framing and structuring of the problem, the choice of model, the order in which the different parts of...

objectives: the present study explored the relationship between severity of psychiatric disorders and degree of opium dependence as a negative prognosis in treatment of drug addicts. method: this study is a descriptive-cross sectional, the subjects were 240 (232 men and 8 women) randomly selected from among opium addicts seeking treatment. the instruments were an mmpi test and a psychiatric int...

When considering the problems of the crosscultural applicability ofmental health questionnaires, the influence of cultural factors on the results is of central importance. Zola (1966) has suggested that there are at least two ways in which symptoms usually defined as indicating illness in one population may be ignored in others. First, the estimate of the prevalence of a condition may be mislea...

BACKGROUND There has been little research into the prevalence of mental health problems in lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people in the UK with most work conducted in the USA. AIMS To relate the prevalence of mental disorder, self-harm and suicide attempts to sexual orientation in England, and to test whether psychiatric problems were associated with discrimination on grounds of sexuality. ...

BACKGROUND Excessive alcohol use is the third leading cause of preventable death and is highly correlated with alcohol dependence, a heritable phenotype. Many genetic factors for alcohol dependence have been found, but many remain unknown. In search of additional genetic factors, we examined the association between Diagnostic and StatisticalManual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) al...

results the χ2 test showed that the experimental and control groups significantly differed in relapse rates (χ2 = 6.30, df = 1, p < 0.001). in addition, the covariance analysis showed a significant difference between the two groups in resiliency enhancement at post-test (f = 33.76, p < 0.001) and follow-up (f = 37.67, p < 0.001). conclusion the results indicate that lifestyle training is effect...

OBJECTIVES Language has been identified as a determinant of mental health. Within Canada, individuals may speak an official language and still belong within the linguistic minority (Francophones outside Quebec and Anglophones within Quebec). The objectives of this study were to compare mental health problems between minority and majority official language communities, and examine the associatio...

INTRODUCTION Mental illnesses are not only a growing public health concern but also a major social and economic issue affecting individuals and families throughout the world. The prevalence of mental disorders, the extent of disability caused by these disorders, and services utilisation of these patients has been well studied in developed countries. The aim of this study was to establish the pr...