In this paper aspects of the variability of methane producing status have been examined, and a survey of breath methane excretion in various clinical and control populations is reported. Prevalences of methane excretion were 54% in healthy controls, 53% in non-gastrointestinal patients and 32% in gastrointestinal patients. Patients with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and pneumatosis cysto...

Absorption of ultraviolet light energy by nitrogen dioxide results in its dissociation into nitric oxide and an oxygen atom. The oxygen atoms, for the most part, react with atmospheric molecular oxygen (O2) to form ozone (O3). In general, nitric oxide will react with ozone to reform nitrogen dioxide, completing the cycle. A buildup of ozone above the equilibrium concentration defined by the rea...

One of the major factors, contributing to the emission of greenhouse gases in the environment is generation of pollutant gases in municipal landfills. As for the design and building of a gas collecting system, it is necessary to properly estimate the amount and type of the landfill emissions. By means of LandGEM model, this study predicts the amount and type of the landfill gases, produced for ...

Three recurring hypotheses are often used to explain the effect of non-thermal plasmas (NTPs) on NTP catalytic hybrid reactions; namely, modification or heating of the catalyst or creation of new reaction pathways by plasma-produced species. NTP-assisted methane (CH4 ) oxidation over Pd/Al2 O3 was investigated by direct monitoring of the X-ray absorption fine structure of the catalyst, coupled ...

We have reanalyzed the Voyager radio occultation data for Titan, examining two alternative approaches to methane condensation. In one approach, methane condensation is facilitated by the presence of nitrogen because nitrogen lowers the condensation level of a methane/nitrogen mixture. The resulting enhancement in methane condensation lowers the upper limit on surface relative humidity of methan...

The departure of particle distributions from the Maxwellian is commonly observed in space plasmas. These non-Maxwellian which are typical for plasmas that not thermal equilibrium, can be modeled with ?-distribution. Kinetic simulations quasi-parallel collisionless shocks show proton distribution a composite thermal, suprathermal, and non-thermal parts. By using particle-in-cell shock simulation...

Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo simulations were used to study the vapor-liquid equilibrium of binary mixtures of carbon dioxide + methane and carbon dioxide + difluoromethane. The potential forcefields we employ are all atomistic models, and have not previously been mixed together to study the vapor-liquid equilibrium of the binary mixtures. In addition, we characterize the microscopic structure of...