A 49-year-old woman with cholangiocarcinoma metastatic to the lungs presented with new-onset unrelenting headaches. A lumbar puncture revealed malignant cells consistent with leptomeningeal metastasis from her cholangiocarcinoma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed leptomeningeal enhancement. An intrathecal (IT) catheter was placed and IT chemotherapy was initiated with metho...

The role of chemotherapy in the management of patients with head and neck cancer continues to evolve. Single-agent methotrexate or cisplatin, or the combination of cisplatin and infusional fluorouracil can be considered standard therapy for patients with recurrent disease. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is being actively pursued. Although enhanced survival has not yet been demonstrated, the goal of o...

Central nervous system involvement by ovarian serous adenocarcinoma is rare. We report a case of a 60-year-old woman that developed brain metastasis as isolated site of relapse 4.5 years after a complete resection and adjuvant chemotherapy for a stage Ic disease. She proceeded to a craniotomy with resection of the lesion and, subsequently, to a whole brain radiotherapy. Nineteen months later, s...

Small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the urinary bladder is a rare, aggressive malignancy with approximately 135 cases reported in the literature. Treatments have included chemotherapy, radical surgery, radiotherapy, and combinations of these. We present the apparent cure of a 73-year-old man who presented with clinical stage T2 SCC of the urinary bladder. He was treated with three cycles of methotrex...

Even though antibiotic eluting bone cements are successfully used in orthopedic practice, adding chemotherapy drugs to bone cement pose a different set of problems. This is mainly due to the toxicity concerns associated with the use of chemotherapy agents. To avoid local or systemic toxicity, the drug elution profile of a particular bone cement/drug concentration need to be determined. The drug...

Primary Burkitt lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS) is rare, with only few cases reported in the literature. An 18 year-old immunocompetent male presented with multiple cranial nerves palsies and was found to have a mass predominantly in the 4th ventricle of the brain. Tumor was surgically removed and showed morphological and immunohistochemical features consistent with Burkitt lymphom...

Development of drug resistance is a major factor that limits the effectiveness of chemotherapy treatments. In this study, we determined whether estradiol or its metabolites 2-, 4- and 16alpha-hydroxyestrone could enhance the development of methotrexate resistance in the breast carcinoma cell line, MCF-7. Cells were incubated with the estrogens at a concentration of 10(-8) M for 12 cell doubling...

AIMS To determine whether specific pulsed electrostatic fields, or electrotrichogenesis (ETG), could potentially prevent or reduce hair loss in patients undergoing adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (CMF) chemotherapy for breast cancer. METHODS Thirteen women were followed during their adjuvant ETG and chemotherapy treatment to determine the efficacy of ETG. All patien...

Objective(s): In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of casticin and myricetin on liver  damage induced by methotrexate in rats.Materials and Methods: Thirty-six male rats were used for the study and divided into 6 groups: control, methotrexate, casticin, myricetin, casticin+methotrexate, and myricetin+methotrexate. It was performed by methotrexate (20 mg/kg single dose, IP) in met...

Small cell osteosarcoma (SCO) is the most rare subtype of osteosarcoma and has a poor prognosis. An 11-year-old boy presented with 2-month history of painful tumefaction in the lower leg. Imaging analysis demonstrated a mixture of osteolytic and osteosclerotic lesions in the proximal tibia and extraskeletal area. Histology of the open biopsy showed small round cells producing mucous matrix. Bas...