The three-dimensional trap stiffness of optical tweezers formed with high-NA micromirrors is investigated by back-focal-plane interferometry and power spectrum analysis. Normalized stiffness values of kappaxy/Ptrap=1.2(microN/m)/mW and kappaz/Ptrap=0.52(microN/m)/mW in the transverse and axial directions, respectively, have been measured for polystyrene spheres with a radius of 1.03 microm. Com...

The sensitivity of monolayers of Ilford L-4 nuclear emulsion to beta(-)-particles is approximately 0.20 grain per particle emitted for H(3), and 0.025 grain per particle for p(32). The sensitivity for thick layers is 1.3 grains per tritium beta(-)-particle emitted within the emulsion. In electron microscopic autoradiographs the maximum resolution is approximately 0.1 micron for H(3) and 0.3 mic...

We discover two infrared objects that show deep absorption features of H2O, CO2, and CO ices in the AKARI/Infrared Camera (IRC) slit-less spectroscopic survey Galactic plane 2.5--13 micron. Both are located neither known star-forming regions nor dense clouds. For one objects, Object 1, we successfully extract a spectrum from 2.5 to 13 micron, which also shows several 5--13 including silicate at...

E. M. Shapiro, S. Skrtic, J. M. Hill, C. E. Dunbar, A. P. Koretsky National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States Synopsis Labeling cells with iron oxide is a useful tool for MRI based molecular and cellular imaging. Here we demonstrate, in vitro, that single, ~micron size superparamagnetic iron oxide particles can be robustly visualized with resolutions of between 50-200 microns. T...

As a means to automate the three-dimensional histological analysis of brain tissue, we demonstrate the use of femtosecond laser pulses to iteratively cut and image fixed as well as fresh tissue. Cuts are accomplished with 1 to 10 microJ pulses to ablate tissue with micron precision. We show that the permeability, immunoreactivity, and optical clarity of the tissue is retained after pulsed laser...

We report on the formation of organized sub-micron YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7) (YBCO) dots induced by irradiating femtosecond laser pulses on YBCO films prepared by pulse laser deposition with fluence in the range of 0.21 approximately 0.53 J/cm(2). The morphology of the YBCO film surface depends strongly on the laser fluences irradiated. At lower laser fluence (approximately 0.21 J/cm(2)) the morphology w...

Laser materials processing normally induces a certain residual stress distribution in the target material. Distributions favoring microcrack propagation lead to reduced fatigue life of the material. This paper investigates the feasibility of altering the stress field by using underwater shock waves in the micron scale. Shock pressure was computed and the stress analysis was conducted, in which ...

Fifteen fecal samples from peacocks (Pavo cristatus) in Saudi Arabia contained oocysts of Eimeria riyadhae n. sp. in two peacocks and oocysts of E. arabica n. sp. in one peacock. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria riyadhae are ellipsoidal, 27-30.5 x 20.5-25 (28.8 +/- 1.3 x 22.4 +/- 1.6) micron, with a two-layered wall and bilobed polar body, but without a micropyle or residuum. The sporocysts are ov...

It is necessary to utilize special techniques of separating submicron-size particles from other micron-size particles such as hydrocyclone and liquid-liquid separating. In this experimental work, separation of TiO2 and Al(OH)3 artificial mixture was investigated. Separation of submicron TiO2 particles from micron Al(OH)3 particles was carried out using a column bed filled with plastic fiber tub...

To evaluate the effects of lung disease on deposition of inhaled ultrafine particles (less than 0.1 micron diameter), we measured total respiratory tract deposition of nonhygroscopic particles of 0.02 to 0.24 micron in five subjects with obstructive lung disease and three subjects with restrictive lung disease and compared it with that in ten normal subjects. Deposition was measured as concentr...