METHODS Various developmental problems including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been linked to biological deficiencies in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Additionally, there is evidence that symptoms may be reduced with PUFA supplementation. This study investigated effects of supplementation with PUFAs on symptoms typically associated with ADHD. Because nutrients work...

OBJECTIVE To review the literature on the role of calcium, phosphorus and trace elements in the nutrition of extremely low birth weight infants, considering their importance for metabolism, bone mineralization and as dietary components. SOURCES OF DATA MEDLINE, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and books on nutrition were searched between 1994 and 2004. Original research studies and...

Due to rapid urbanization and high food prices and in the absence of nutrition programs, school children from urban areas in West Africa often have insufficient and inadequate diet leading to nutrient deficiencies that affect their health and schooling performance. Acute malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies are prevalent in children from primary state schools of Dakar (Senegal). The obje...

BACKGROUND Obesity surgery is acknowledged as a highly effective therapy for morbidly obese patients. Beneficial short-term effects on common comorbidities are practically undisputed, but a growing data pool from long-term follow-up reveals increasing evidence of potentially severe nutritional and pharmacological consequences. AIMS To assess the prevalence, causes and symptoms of complication...

Tables Table 1. Summary of intervention and evaluation designs of recent studies reviewed, 1995–99 12 Table 2. Summary of information gaps and research needs relative to the efficacy and effectiveness of food-based approaches for reducing vitamin A deficiencies 44 Table 3. Summary of information gaps and research needs relative to the efficacy and effectiveness of food-based approaches for redu...

Micronutrient malnutrition, the deficiency of vitamins or minerals, impacts on physical and mental health, in clinical general populations, across life course. In older western populations high prevalence impact micronutrient malnutrition is less well recognised. Low- middle-income countries are experiencing ‘double burden disease’ where coexists alongside non-communicable diseases aging, obesi...

Recent research has highlighted the potential impact of nutritional factors and individual micronutrients on the brain and on cognitive performance, especially in older adults. The B vitamins, folate, B12, and B6, are of particular interest because even subclinical deficiencies in these vitamins are thought to be relatively common in the general population and in older adults in particular. Rec...

Deficiencies of micronutrients in avocado trees are often an important problem in southern California avocado orchards. Results of recent research show more clearly that fertilization practice has an important influence on the micronutrient nutrition of avocado trees. Specifically, this paper presents 3 years of research data from a field experiment dealing with the effects of soil applications...