Sporadic microsatellite mutations are frequently observed in lung, bladder, and head and neck tumors with intact DNA mismatch repair. AAAG tetranucleotide repeats appear to be especially prone to the accumulation of these mutations. We hypothesized that occurrences of microsatellite mutations in these cancers may be linked to DNA damage caused by exposure to carcinogens in tobacco smoke. To tes...

Oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction cancers represent a significant burden to public health. Clinical practice guidelines recommend treatment based on cellular molecular targets from tissue obtained before initiating therapy, including human epidermal growth factor receptor, microsatellite instability, mismatch repair, programmed death-ligand 1 neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase gene f...

Deficient DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) is a rare molecular disorder found in 20-30 % of endometrial tumors. Laboratory identification dMMR/microsatellite instability (MSI) has high diagnostic value, since these impairments are considered as biomarkers adenocarcinoma. They help to identify patients at risk Lynch syndrome, evaluate the disease prognosis, and estimate efficacy immune checkpoint inhi...

Duck conservation strategy based on genetic characteristics has been undertaken to preserve indigenous breeds and produce high quality offspring. In addition, the characteristic analysis provides further information for studying avian influenza viruses. The aim of this research was study characterisation Central Javanese duck in Indonesia using microsatellite markers. Microsatellite or simple s...

Multiple DNA microsatellites with frequent loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in melanomas have been demonstrated. The finding that free DNA is enriched in blood of melanoma patients prompted studies to determine whether tumor-specific DNA, such as DNA microsatellites exhibiting LOH, can be detected in blood and have clinical use. In this study, 57 advanced and 19 early clinically staged melanoma pat...

The accumulation of genetic alterations plays a role in the evolution of bladder cancer. These changes can be detected in the urine by DNA analysis of the cells exfoliated from the bladder wall enabling us to detect bladder cancer. The urine supernatant, besides the urine sediment, contains DNA, however in a much smaller amount. The origin of DNA in these two fractions is probably different. Ou...

The development of neoplasia has been thought to be associated with genetic alterations for many years. In colorectal cancer two specific types of genetic instability have been defined. One is associated with chromosomal instability and the other with DNA microsatellite instability, also known as replication errors. The mechanism underlying tumorigenesis leads to profound diVerences in the path...

The development of neoplasia has been thought to be associated with genetic alterations for many years. In colorectal cancer two specific types of genetic instability have been defined. One is associated with chromosomal instability and the other with DNA microsatellite instability, also known as replication errors. The mechanism underlying tumorigenesis leads to profound diVerences in the path...

Microsatellite instability promotes colonic tumorigenesis through generating frameshift mutations at coding microsatellites of tumor suppressor genes, such as TGFBR2 and ACVR2. As a consequence, signaling through these TGFbeta family receptors is abrogated in DNA Mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient tumors. How these mutations occur in real time and mutational rates of these human coding sequences h...

PURPOSE We detected the relative DNA copy numbers (RCNs) at target loci in patients with stomach cancer with quantitative microsatellite analysis. We additionally clarified the relationship between DNA copy number aberrations and the clinical outcome of the patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Fresh frozen samples were obtained from 30 patients who had undergone surgery for stomach cancer. Seven mic...