Introduction and objectives: Autophagy is a highly regulated catabolic process that in cancer cells maintains metabolism and energy balances, both of which protect malignant cells from stress. Lysosomes are acidic organelles that play a crucial role in degrading intracellular macromolecules and organelles during the final stage of autophagy. Tetrandrine (Tet) is a natural product isolated from ...

Plant tropisms, or growth towards or away from a stimulus, usually involve the bending of shoots or roots which reorient growth in a newdirection. Plant responses to tropic cues, especially gravity and light, have been active areas of investigation for many years. Despite all of this attention we still do not understand how these responses are regulated. In this review possible roles for microt...

Introduction and objectives: Autophagy is a highly regulated catabolic process that in cancer cells maintains metabolism and energy balances, both of which protect malignant cells from stress. Lysosomes are acidic organelles that play a crucial role in degrading intracellular macromolecules and organelles during the final stage of autophagy. Tetrandrine (Tet) is a natural product isolated from ...

Report of a Case. Our patient was born at term with buphthalmos and proptosis of her right eye, accompanied by corneal clouding and increased tearing. She was subsequently noted to have right sphenoid wing dysplasia, multiple cutaneous plexiform neuromas of the right eyelids and face (fifth nerve distribution), right hemispheric dysplastic polymicrogyria, and a seizure disorder. She was diagnos...

Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress that limits plant growth and agricultural productivity. Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is highly tolerant to salinity; however, large-scale proteomic data of cotton in response to salt stress are still scant. Here, an isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomic technique was employed to identify the early differentia...

Sirt1, an NAD-dependent protein deacetylase has emerged as important regulator of mammalian transcription in response to cellular metabolic status and stress1. Here we demonstrate that Sirt1 plays a neuroprotective role in models of Huntington’s disease (HD), an inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by a glutamine repeat expansion in huntingtin protein2. Brainspecific knockout of Sirt1 re...

Hepatic transporters are responsible for uptake and efflux of bile acids and xenobiotics as an essential aspect of liver function. When normal vectorial transport of bile acids by the apical uptake and canalicular excretion transporters is disrupted, cholestasis ensues, leading to accumulation of toxic bile constituents and considerable hepatocellular damage. The purpose of this study was to as...

Coding region and intronic mutations in the tau gene cause frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17. Intronic mutations and some missense mutations increase splicing in of exon 10, leading to an increased ratio of four-repeat to three-repeat tau isoforms. Secondary structure predictions have led to the proposal that intronic mutations and one missense mutation destabiliz...

NATURE CELL BIOLOGY VOLUME 6 | NUMBER 4 | APRIL 2004 285 Messenger RNA localization and the translational repression of unlocalized mRNA have a pivotal role in patterning the future embryo within the Drosophila oocyte (Fig. 1). Three key transcripts have been extensively studied: bicoid (bcd), gurken (grk) and oskar (osk). bcd mRNA is localized to the anterior of the oocyte and encodes a morpho...

T he most common neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the presence of abnormal filamentous protein inclusions in nerve cells of the brain. In Alzheimer’s disease, these inclusions are made of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (1). Together with the extracellular -amyloid deposits, they constitute the defining neuropathological characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease. Tau inclusions, in ...