Electrical energy is the paramount need in a nation’s development. To cater for large demand for electricity there is a need for reliable and proficient power system. For a power system to work reliably, the role of Transformers is critical. Health of the transformer mainly depends on its insulation. Among the different insulating material used in transformers, mineral oil is the most widely us...

A difficulty with constrained nonlinear control is the minimization of the cost function. With complex system representations such as fundamental models, the required optimization algorithm may be complex to implement, setting its parameters may be difficult and the calculation time may be long. To overcome these problems, an innovative optimization-free predictive control scheme is proposed. T...

Iron (Fe) is a key micronutrient regulating primary productivity in many parts of the global ocean. Dust deposition is an important source of Fe to the surface ocean, but most of this Fe is biologically unavailable. Atmospheric processing and reworking of Fe in dust aerosol can increase the bioavailable Fe inputs to the ocean, yet the processes are not well understood. Here, we experimentally s...

In Brazil there are many regions where the extraction mining and processing of ores containing elements of great economical importance as tin, niobium and tantalum. Some of these ores have uranium and thorium natural decay series associated. This study was carried out in a niobium mine, where is obtained concentrates of niobates-tantalates, cassiterite and zirconite. The aim of this study is th...

Ferrite grade zinc oxide was prepared through aqueous processing of zinc ash followed by calcination. Zinc was quantitatively dissolved in sulphuric acid medium. The ferrous iron present in the leach solution was oxidised with hydrogen peroxide followed by precipitation of total iron by pH adjustment to 4.5 with dilute sodium hydroxide solution. Copper was removed by cementation using zinc dust...

Oxidation characteristics of natural pyrite were investigated in phosphoric acid solutions. Using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant, the effect of particle size, reaction temperature, and hydrogen peroxide concentration were examined. The oxidation process can be described by the heterogeneous kinetic model in which the surface decomposition reaction is the rate-determining step. An activation en...

The mechanical size reduction of solids is an energy intensive and highly inefficient process. Therefore, there is great incentive to improve the efficiency of size reduction and mineral separation processes. Over several decades, this has promoted significant amounts of research,unfortunately, this has only led to small, incremental improvements in efficiency. One area which has shown signific...

The performance of crushing equipment in mineral processing circuits is often critical to the generation of final product. A multiobjective evolutionary algorithm has been developed that allows the crusher internal geometry to be created and evaluated against multiple performance objectives. The multiple-objective approach is particularly important in mineral processing, as the optimum performa...

The main purpose of geometallurgy is to develop a model to predict the variability in the mineral processing performance within the ore body. Geometallurgical tests used for developing such a model need to be fast, practical and inexpensive and include as an input data relevant and measureable geological parameters like elemental grades, mineral grades and grain size. Important in each geometal...