Partial cytochrome b DNA sequences for 62 Triatoma infestans were analyzed to determine the degree of genetic variation present in populations of this insect in the northwest region of Chuquisaca, Bolivia. A total of seven haplotypes were detected in the localities sampled. The phylogenetic relationship and population genetic structure of the haplotypes found in this region, indicate that there...

The geographic structure of Daphnia pulex populations from the central United States is analyzed with respect to isozyme and mitochondrial DNA variation. The species complex consists of cyclic and obligate parthenogens. A hierarchical analysis of population structure in the cyclic parthenogens by using a fixation-index approach indicates that this is one of the most extremely subdivided species...

Substantial phenotypic and genetic variation is often found below the species level and this may be useful in quantifying biodiversity and predicting future diversification. However, relatively few studies have tested whether different aspects of intraspecific variation show congruent patterns across populations. Here, we quantify several aspects of divergence between 13 insular populations of ...

Energy metabolism and mitochondrial function hold a core position in cellular homeostasis. Oxidative metabolism is regulated at multiple levels, ranging from gene transcription to allosteric modulation. To accomplish the fine tuning of these multiple regulatory circuits, the nuclear and mitochondrial compartments are tightly and reciprocally controlled. The fact that nuclear encoded factors, PP...

Significant problems in the methods and interpretation of classical quantitative genetics have not been widely recognized or resolved. The problems arise from four fundamental gaps: "Genetic" and "environmental" fractions of variation in traits are distinct from measurable genetic and environmental entities or factors underlying the traits’ development; Standard formulas for partitioning variat...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative characterised by the accumulation of amyloid-beta and tau in brain, leading to progressive loss memory cognition. The causes its pathogenesis are still not fully understood, but some risk factors, such as age, genetics, hormones, may play crucial role. Studies show that postmenopausal women have higher developing AD, possibly due decr...

A critical step toward understanding mitochondrial genetics and its impact on human disease is to identify and characterize the full complement of nucleus-encoded factors required for mitochondrial gene expression and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication. Two factors required for transcription initiation from a human mitochondrial promoter are h-mtRNA polymerase and the DNA binding transcripti...