In commercial production systems, abrupt mixing of pigs commonly results in aggression to establish social ranking (Turner et al., 2008). While mixing is beneficial for the producer, enabling batch finishing and space efficiency, significant welfare implications exist (Bracke & Hopster, 2006; Turner et al., 2009). Pigs exhibit physiological stress responses in association with aggression (Arey ...

A mapping approach is proposed for the numerical simulation of distributive mixing in threedimensional laminar flows. The technique is based on a spatially discretized description of the locally averaged concentration of fluid components in the mixture (so called “coarse grain density”) and a distribution matrix that describes the changes in component concentration. It is a generalization of a ...

The mixing behavior around a SMX-type static mixer segment has been investigated experimentally by using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) simultaneously. To quantify mixing, velocity fields and concentration fields have been measured for different Reynolds numbers along vertical and horizontal sections directly behind the mixer. The experimental data...

We investigate the enhancement of both mixing and heat transfer in a two-rod mixer for highly-viscous non-Newtonian fluids. The mixer is composed of two vertical, circular rods in a cylindrical tank. Chaotic flows are obtained by imposing the temporal modulations of the rotational velocities of the walls. We study the effects of different stirring protocols, which lead to non-chaotic and chaoti...

Abstract. We consider the problem of optimal mixing control. Our objective is to best enhance mixing by flow advection while the flow is optimized in the sense that it is almost steady and is of the least magnitude and the least rotation. For this we define a mixing efficiency functional by penalizing the average of variance of a diffusive scalar, the average of the flow, and the average of its...