The activity of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and cytosol superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) was measured in corresponding subcellular fractions prepared from the thymi of intact and chronically gonadectomized (GX) rats of both sexes, as well as of GX male and female rats injected subcutaneously with a single dose of 5 microg estradiol benzoate (EB) and/or 2 mg progesterone (P). Animal...

INTRODUCTION It is generally accepted that mitochondria are a primary source of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Under physiological circumstances they are permanently formed as by-products of aerobic metabolism in the mitochondria. To counter the harmful effect of ROS, cells possess an antioxidant defence system to detoxify ROS and avert them from accumulation at high concentration...

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a nuclear encoded primary antioxidant enzyme localized in mitochondria. Because expression of MnSOD plays a major role in maintaining cellular redox status and reactive oxygen species are known to play a role in signal transduction and carcinogenesis, we investigated the role of MnSOD in the development of cancer using a two-stage [7,12-dimethylbenz(a)-...

Loss of function of the tumor suppressor protein p53 represents a very frequent event in human carcinogenesis, but the molecular mechanisms linking impaired p53 activity to increased cell malignancy are still incompletely understood. p53 is normally involved in both cell cycle control and the induction of cell death and is involved in the latter mainly through the transcriptional regulation of ...

Altered expression or function of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) has been shown to be associated with cancer risk but assessment of gene polymorphisms has resulted in inconclusive data. Here a search of published data was made and 22 studies were recruited, covering 20,025 case and control subjects, for meta- analyses of the association of MnSOD polymorphisms with the risk of prostate, ...

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of resveratrol (RES) on Canonical β-catenin/Wnt and forkhead box O (FOXO) pathways in CAD patients. We performed this study on 10 metabolic syndrome patients with three-vessel CAD and 10 sex-aged matched healthy subjects. The effects of RES on β-Catenin, mangane...

The conversion of nitric oxide (NO*) into its congeners nitrosonium (NO(+)) and nitroxyl (HNO/NO(-)) ions may have important consequences for signal transduction and physiological responses. Manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) may convert NO. into its redox congeners. In our current work, we have examined the mechanism of sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced relaxation of arteries, ...

In the retinoic acid-differentiated neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, IL-1 induced binding activity of NFkappaB and up-regulated the expression and activity of MnSOD. The IL-1-elicited effects were partly reversed by IL-4 and IL-6. It is proposed that IL-4 and IL-6 may participate in the regulation of the imbalanced oxidant status induced by IL-1 in differentiated neuroblastoma cells. In the SH-SY5Y...

Salt/NaCl has been reported to induce necrosis in gastric mucosal cells, however, the mechanisms for gastric injury by salt are not clarified. In this study, we elucidated whether salt is an oxidative stress inducer via mitochondrial injury on rat gastric epithelial cells (RGM-1) in 300, 450, 650 and 1000 mM of NaCl-contained medium. To clarify whether salt-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS)...

Mammalian members of the forkhead box protein O (FoxO) class of transcription factors are implicated in the regulation of oxidative stress, and FoxO proteins are negatively regulated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling pathway. We examined the effect of Klotho on the PI3K/AKT pathway and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) during tacrolimus (Tac)-induced oxidative stres...