A Reversible Watermarking (RW) using Difference Expansion (DE) algorithm plays an important role on content authentication for highly secured medical and military images. According to this algorithm, the least significant bit (LSB) of inter-pixel differences (between a pair of neighboring pixel) is used to embed secret data. It is seen that none of the DE works focuses on structural information...

We show that the recently suggested explanations of cosmic acceleration by the modification of gravity at small curvature suffer violent instabilities and strongly disagree with the known properties of gravitational interactions. It seems established that at the present epoch the universe expands with acceleration. It follows directly from the observation of high red-shift supernovae [1] and in...

Systemic inflammatory response conditions are associated with capillary leak and haemodynamic compromise. Fluid resuscitation to reverse the ensuing hypovolaemia is, however, complicated by the decreased endothelium reflection coefficient to albumin and other colloids. We developed PEG-Alb (albumin covalently linked to polyethylene glycol) as a potential resuscitative agent. PEG was covalently ...

The generalized and improved (G'/G)-expansion method is a powerful and advantageous mathematical tool for establishing abundant new traveling wave solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations. In this article, we investigate the higher dimensional nonlinear evolution equation, namely, the (3+1)-dimensional modified KdV-Zakharov-Kuznetsev equation via this powerful method. The solutions...

Transmission network expansion planning (TNEP) faces critical challenges to not only keep reliability criteria, but also effectively reduce huge investment cost. Recently, TNEP has been modeled by probabilistic method for the security and reliability criteria, including power market concepts as well. This paper presents a reliable and economic approach for solving TNEP problem through a simple ...

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in the fields of video surveillance and mobile object tracking. This paper proposes a mobile object tracking algorithm. First, several parameters such as object window, object area, and expansion-contraction (E-C) parameter are defined. Then, a modified E-C algorithm for multiple-object tracking is presented. The proposed algorithm tracks moving ob...

We investigate a bounce realization in the framework of higher order curvature f(R,T) modified theory gravity. perform detailed analysis cosmological parameters to explain contraction phase, and expansion phase. Furthermore, we observe violation null energy condition, instability model, singularity upon deceleration at bouncing point, which are supporting results for cosmology. The equation sta...