background and objectives:scrophularia variegata m. beib. (scrophulariaceae) is a medicinal plant, used for various inflammatory diseases in iranian traditional medicine. in the present study, we evaluated the immune modulation and antioxidant effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of s.  variegata. methods: the splenocytes were harvested from the spleen of balb/c mice and were cultured. the spl...

conclusions caffeine has a potential role for pain modulation. current evidence on caffeine use for migraine and terminal stage cancer is not well-established. future studies should address the use of caffeine alone for different types of pain with dose escalation and standardization of outcome measurement. evidence acquisition the data on caffeine as an adjuvant therapy or as a main component ...

OBJECTIVE To prove the efficacy of bone morphogenic protein as an osteoinductive agent in irradiated tissue. DESIGN Prospective randomized controlled trial designed to test the effectiveness of recombinant bone morphogenic protein 2 (rBMP-2) combined with solid hydroxyapatite disks in an irradiated tissue bed. SUBJECTS Eighteen adult, male, white New Zealand rabbits weighing 3.0 to 3.5 kg. ...

Sex in fungi is driven by peptide pheromones sensed through seven-transmembrane pheromone receptors. In Cryptococcus neoformans, sexual reproduction occurs through an outcrossing/heterothallic a- sexual cycle or an inbreeding/homothallic - unisexual mating process. Pheromone receptors encoded by the mating-type locus (MAT) mediate reciprocal pheromone sensing during opposite-sex mating and cont...