In this article, we engage with the emerging literature that studies increased enrolment of first-generation college students (FGCS), is, from households where neither parent has obtained a bachelor’s /master’s degree. Our article answers two research questions. First, data 2,338 first-year are used to investigate extent which FGCS differ continuing-generation (CGCS) concerning reason why one e...

The TonB system of gram-negative bacteria energizes the active transport of diverse nutrients through high-affinity TonB-gated outer membrane transporters using energy derived from the cytoplasmic membrane proton motive force. Cytoplasmic membrane proteins ExbB and ExbD harness the proton gradient to energize TonB, which directly contacts and transmits this energy to ligand-loaded transporters....

Escherichia coli is known to couple aerobic respiratory catabolism to ATP synthesis by virtue of the primary generators of the proton motive force-NADH dehydrogenase I, cytochrome bo(3), and cytochrome bd-I. An E. coli mutant deficient in NADH dehydrogenase I, bo(3) and bd-I can, nevertheless, grow aerobically on nonfermentable substrates, although its sole terminal oxidase cytochrome bd-II has...

We assessed implicit needs for power, achievement, and affiliation in 323 U.S. college students using a Picture Story Exercise (PSE; McClelland, Koestner, & Weinberger, 1989) consisting of 6 picture cues and Winter's (1994) content coding system. Picture cues differed markedly in the amount of motive imagery they elicited and picture motive profiles closely resembled those reported by Schulthei...