This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF. The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the IMF or IMF policy. Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to further debate. Using a dataset which breaks down FDI flows into primary, sec...

This study systematically examines foreign R&D in China’s manufacturing industries, using the most recent census data published by China’s State Council. It reveals that foreign firms are committing less R&D resource than China’s domestic enterprises. Foreign R&D activities are far more active in high-tech industries than in labour-intensive industries. This study also demonstrates that China’s...

Targeted state intervention is needed to tackle complex environmental problems. However, faces rejection by some actors because these problems are typically cross-sectoral, multi-actor, and conflictual. To explore why stakeholders nevertheless favor as an approach risk prevention, the study examines case of pesticide prevention in Uganda. Using a mixed-methods that combined online survey face-t...

In 2011, a high level meeting convened by the UN General Assembly agreed on a Political Declaration that acknowledged mental and neurological disorders are an important cause of morbidity, and a core component of the global rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The recent draft World Health Organization (WHO) Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan (MHAP) 2013–2020 (11 January 2013 version)...

UNLABELLED This document serves as a 'starter's kit' for applying Health in All Policies (HiAP) in decision-making and implementation at national and subnational levels. It can be easily adapted for use in different country contexts and at the regional and global levels. WHAT IS HIAP?: HiAP is an approach to public policies across sectors that systematically takes into account the health implic...

The sectoral structure of most agricultural enterprises is unbalanced and uncoordinated, which underlies the need in deepened research of its improvement. This paper is dedicated to the formation and evaluation of the sectoral structure with the use of mathematical methods of data processing. Mathematical economic modeling based on optimization and simulation models has been applied for the for...

Retail food environments are gaining national and international attention as important determinants of population dietary intake. Communities across Canada are beginning to discuss and implement programs and policies to create supportive retail food environments. Three considerations should drive the selection of food environment assessment methods: relevance (What is the problem, and how is it...

Working papers are preliminary documents circulated to stimulate discussion and obtain comments The Sectoral Activities Department is part of the Social Dialogue Sector of the ILO. Its objective is to promote social dialogue at the sectoral level and to facilitate the exchange of information among the ILO's constituents on labour and social developments concerning particular economic sectors. O...