This paper presents a new quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO), which consists of two p-core Colpitts cross-coupled voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) with an LC ring resonator to provide the quadrature outputs. The proposed CMOS QVCO has been implemented with the TSMC 0.18μm CMOS technology and the die area is 0.478×0.82mm2. At the supply voltage of 1.5V, the total power consumpt...

In the past, the two major biomineralization motifs, biosilicification and biocalcification, were considered as two discrete processes. However, there is increasing evidence of the existence of an inextricable relationship between biosilica and calcium-based biominerals. The recent discovery of a unique silica–chitin–aragonite biocomposite in one genus of demosponges (Verongida) introduces a no...

Digital RF transceiver architectures increasingly require quadrature (I/Q) local oscillator sinusoid generation, where the phasenoise and power consumption of the quadrature voltage controlled oscillator (QVCO) have a significant impact on the system performance. The relevance of VCO power consumption becomes even more urgent due to the demand for implementations of ultra-low power short-range ...

This paper presents a design method of LC cross-coupled oscillators using a large signal S-parameter open loop approach instead of typical negative resistance methodology presented in the literature. The open loop technique allows extraction of loaded quality factor of the complete oscillator circuit and observe how oscillation conditions change with increasing oscillator signal amplitude. As a...

This paper describes a low-noise, 900-MHz, voltagecontrolled oscillator (VCO) fabricated in a 0.6m CMOS technology. The VCO consists of four-stage fully differential delay cells performing full switching. It utilizes dual-delay path techniques to achieve high oscillation frequency and obtain a wide tuning range. The VCO operates at 750 MHz to 1.2 GHz, and the tuning range is as large as 50%. Th...

Introduction A key circuit used in modern communication systems is the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO). The VCO's output is an AC waveform whose frequency is dependent upon the input voltage. In today's wireless communication systems, a greater maximum frequency range is required by VCOs. With respect to the digital phones that use these circuits, low power consumption, small size and low f...

This work proposes two novel simulation techniques that allow for fast and accurate predictions of phase noise in oscillators even adopting inexpensive software, such as PSpice. The traditional harmonic tone insertion is initially discussed, by applying it to a LC-tuned oscillator taken as benchmark. Then a first, much faster technique based on sensitivity analysis is proposed, which is suitabl...

We describe theoretically the main characteristics of the steady state regime of a type II Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) containing a birefringent plate. In such a device the signal and idler waves are at the same time linearly coupled by the plate and nonlinearly coupled by the χ crystal. This mixed coupling allows, in some well-defined range of the control parameters, a frequency degene...

Multiphase machines have been recognized in the last few years like an attractive alterna‐ tive to conventional three-phase ones. This is due to their usefulness in a niche of applica‐ tions where the reduction in the total power per phase and, mainly, the high overall system reliability and the ability of using the multiphase machine in faulty conditions are required. Electric vehicle and rail...