In this paper, we consider various extension problems associated with elements in the the closure with respect to either the multiplier norm or the completely bounded multiplier norm of the Fourier algebra of a locally compact group. In particular, we show that it is not always possible to extend an element in the closure with respect to the multiplier norm of the Fourier algebra of the free gr...

In this paper, we show that for a large class of optimization problems, the Lagrange multiplier rule can be derived from the so-called approximate multiplier rule. In establishing the link between the approximate and the exact multiplier rule we first derive an approximate multiplier rule for a very general class of optimization problems using the approximate sum rule and the chain rule. We als...

In digital image processing applications the quality of image depend on the Multipliers. Existing multipliers introduce errors in the output which will require more time, hence error free high speed multipliers has to be designed to overcome this problem. This paper presents a FPGA based iterative Mitchell Algorithm based multiplier for image filters by introducing error correction term in Kara...

We propose a pipelined parallel multiplier in phase-mode logic. The multiplier can be composed of combinations of gates which are the basic devices ofthe phasemode logic. Experimental operations of the ICF gate and the Adder cell for the multiplier are reported. The proposed multiplier has a Wallace-tree structure comprising trees of carry save adders for the addition of partial products. This ...

Multiplier is one of the major arithmetic operations carried out in DSP applications. This paper presents a modified Booth multiplier based on adiabatic logic. It is composed of Booth encoder, multiplier containing partial product generators and 1-bit (half and full) adders and final adder. Booth multiplication allows for smaller, faster multiplication circuits through encoding the signed numbe...

This study examines the multiplier effects of the grain subsidy program in China, which is a large food self-sufficiency project that is implemented as a cash transfer program. Income multiplier effects have not been examined in the evaluation of the grain subsidy program although increasing the income of farmers is the original goal of this project. A large number of household-level observatio...

In this paper we propose a modified probabilistic estimation bias (PEB) formula for fixed-width radix-4 Booth multiplier. The modified PEB formula estimates the same compensation value as the existing PEB formula without rounding operation. A bias circuit based on modified PEB formula generates one less carry-bit and involves less logic resources than the existing PEB circuit. The partial produ...